Epidemiology of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Bell, Lauren N.; Chalasani, Naga

doi:10.1055/s-0029-1240002

Cited by 180 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…13 The scarcity of literature on hepatotoxicity in children is largely the result of the rarity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children. 7,14 Compared to the many reports, including DILI registries in adults, population-based studies on children with DILI are scarce. A recent report from the VigiBase database has incriminated paracetamol, anticonvulsants, and antibiotics as the leading causes, particularly in adolescents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Induced liver injury with hypersensitivity features has a better outcome: A single-center experience of 39 children and adolescents

Devarbhavi

Karanth

et al. 2011

Hepatology

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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is rare in children and adolescents, and, consequently, data are remarkably limited. We analyzed the causes, clinical and biochemical features, natural history, and outcomes of children with DILI. Consecutive children with DILI from 1997 to 2004 (retrospective) and 2005 to 2010 (prospective) were studied based on standard criteria for DILI. Thirty-nine children constituted 8.7% of 450 cases of DILI. There were 22 boys and 17 girls. Median age was 16 years (range, 2.6-17). Combination antituberculous drugs were the most common cause (n 5 22), followed by the anticonvulsants, phenytoin (n 5 10) and carbamazepine (n 5 6). All of the 16 children (41%) who developed hypersensitivity features, such as skin rashes, fever, lymphadenopathy, and/or eosinophilia, including the 3 with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, survived. Those with hypersensitivity presented earlier (24.5 versus 35 days; P 5 0.24) had less severe disease (MELD, 16 versus 29; P 5 0.01) and had no mortality (0/16 versus 12/23; P < 0.001), compared to those without hypersensitivity. The 12 fatalities were largely the result of antituberculous DILI (n 5 11). The presence of encephalopathy and ascites were associated with mortality, along with hyperbilirubinemia, high international normalized ratio, and serum creatinine. According to the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method, 18 were highly probable, 14 probable, and 7 possible. Thirty-two children were hospitalized. Conclusion: DILI is not uncommon in children and accounts for 8.7% of all patients with DILI. Antituberculous drugs and anticonvulsants are the leading causes of DILI in India. Overall mortality is high (30.7%), largely accounted by antituberculous drugs. Children with DILI and hypersensitivity features present early, have less severe disease, and, consequently, a better prognosis, compared to those without, and are often associated with anticonvulsants or sulfonamides. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;54:1344-1350 T he last decade has seen an increasing number of reports on drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in adults across all regions of the world.

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Drug-Induced liver injury with hypersensitivity features has a better outcome: A single-center experience of 39 children and adolescents

Devarbhavi

Karanth

et al. 2011

Hepatology

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“…Chronic alcoholism is one of the many reasons associated with liver diseases and fibrosis (Bellentani et al, 1997;Patsenker et al, 2011). Similarly, many allopathic medicines are also known to cause liver damage (Bell & Chalasani, 2009;Dhiman et al, 2012;Martinez et al, 2012;Williams et al, 2011). Therefore, there is growing need to utilize traditional knowledge of herbal hepatoprotective agents and develop plant-based nontoxic and clinically safe hepatoprotective medicines (Alvari et al, 2012).…”

Section: Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Effects Of Trigonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological effects ofTrigonella foenum-graecumL. in health and disease

Yadav

Baquer

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

225

117

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Context: The health benefits and medicinal properties of herbal food products are known since antiquity. Fenugreek [Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. (Fabaceae)], a seed spice used to enhance flavor, color and texture of food, is employed for medicinal purposes in many traditional systems. A number of epidemiological studies and laboratory research have unraveled the biological actions of fenugreek. Objective: Research on fenugreek in recent years has identified a number of health benefits and physiological attributes in both experimental animals as well as clinical trials in humans. In this study we have reviewed the available scientific literature on fenugreek. Methods: This review article summarizes and reviews published experimental studies and scientific literature from the databases including PubMed, Google and local library searches. Results: The information available in the literature on the health benefits and pharmaceutical effects of Trigonella accounts for its known medicinal properties and adds new therapeutic effects in newer indications. Besides its known medicinal properties such as carminative, gastric stimulant, antidiabetic and galactogogue (lactation-inducer) effects, newer research has identified hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemia, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcer, antilithigenic, anticarcinogenic and other miscellaneous medicinal effects of fenugreek. Although most of these studies have used whole seed powder or different forms of extracts, some have identified active constituents from seeds and attributed them medicinal values for different indications. Conclusion: The resarch on Trigonella exhibits its health benefits and potential medicinal properties in various indications and has little or no side effects, suggesting its pharmaceutical, therapeutic and nutritional potential.

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“…In general, chronic liver diseases such as HCV infection are thought to be associated with an increased incidence of hepatotoxicity induced by several specific drugs. Furthermore, patients with underlying liver disease potentially have worse outcomes than healthy individuals if they do develop DILI [96] . For example, the presence of underlying CHC has been shown to increase the risk of DILI caused by the antituberculosis drugs isoniazid and rifampin, as well as ibuprofen and methimazole [15,97,98] .…”

Section: Induced Liver Injury In Chronic Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary and alternative medications in hepatitis C infection

Marzio¹,

Fenkel²

2014

WJH

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Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection affects almost 3% of the global population and can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in a significant number of those infected. Until recently, the only treatments available were pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which traditionally were not very effective and have considerable side effects. For this reason, interest in complementary and alternative medications (CAM) in the management of hepatitis C has been investigated. Some CAM has demonstrated therapeutic potential in chronic hepatitis C treatment. Unfortunately, some CAM has been shown to have the potential to cause drug-induced liver injury. This article will review and evaluate many of the natural molecules that interact with the hepatitis C virus (HC�) life cycle and discuss hepatitis C virus (HC�) life cycle and discuss virus (HC�) life cycle and discuss their potential use and safety in HC� therapy, as well as highlight some important interactions between medical and complementary treatments. Key words: Hepatitis C infection; Natural molecules; Direct acting antivirals; Hepatotoxicity; Herbal treatments Core tip: Over the last 10 years there has been a substantial increase in reports of natural compounds displaying anti-viral activity against hepatitis C. At this time, there is no firm evidence supporting complementary and alternative medications for hepatitis C virus infection.hepatitis C virus infection. virus infection. Due to a limited number of trials and small numbers of subjects included in them, it is not possible to fully evaluate the risk of adverse events connected with the use of these products.Halegoua-De Marzio DL, Fenkel JM. �omplementary and al�omplementary and alternative medications in hepatitis � infection.

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Epidemiology of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Cited by 180 publications

References 74 publications

Drug-Induced liver injury with hypersensitivity features has a better outcome: A single-center experience of 39 children and adolescents

Drug-Induced liver injury with hypersensitivity features has a better outcome: A single-center experience of 39 children and adolescents

Pharmacological effects ofTrigonella foenum-graecumL. in health and disease

Complementary and alternative medications in hepatitis C infection

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