Epidemiology of injuries seen in a nigerian tertiary hospital

Onyemaechi, NO C; Nwankwo, OE; Ezeadawi, RA

doi:10.4103/njcp.njcp_263_17

Cited by 18 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The widespread patronage of traditional bonesetters has been postulated as an explanation for this observation. [ 24 ] The intervention of traditional bonesetters in the treatment of acute major trauma has been reported to be deleterious. [ 25 26 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road traffic injuries in a Nigerian referral trauma center: Characteristics, correlates, and outcomes

Onyemaechi

2020

Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci

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Background: Globally, road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a leading cause of disability and trauma-related deaths. We aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of RTIs in our environment to provide the evidence for effective control measures. Methods: This was a 1-year retrospective study of all patients with RTIs treated at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria. Results: Four hundred and twenty-one patients with 484 injuries were studied. The mean age of the patients was 34.4 ± 14.6 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 3.3:1. Most of the injuries occurred on intercity roads/highways (48.7%) and involved motorcycle crashes (31%). Soft-tissue injuries (27.7%) and fractures (21.9%) were the most common types of injuries. The lower extremities were the most common sites of injury. The mean injury-arrival interval was 23.2 ± 2.4 h. The injury severity score (ISS) ranged from 1 to 50, with a mean of 9.2 ± 2.9. The 1-year mortality rate was 10.7%. Traumatic brain injury, open vehicular injuries, and increased ISS were the potential risk factors for mortality. Conclusion: Soft-tissue injuries and fractures were the most common types of injuries. The majority of the injuries occurred on the inter-city roads and highways and involved head-on-collisions with motorcycles. The young male adults were the most commonly affected age group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road traffic injuries in a Nigerian referral trauma center: Characteristics, correlates, and outcomes

Onyemaechi

2020

Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci

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“…Nigeria is one of the countries that report high rates of road tra c crashes and fatalities in the world [18]. RTC and injuries are one of the major public health concerns [2,4,19] as shown in this study with a monthly average of 892 RTCs reported in Nigeria. Three out ten RTCs were fatal and 8% of persons involved died.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…These high fatality rates could be a reason why Nigeria is leading other countries in RTC's fatality reported from WHO Afro region [5,6]. This study revealed that male gender and adults are mostly affected with RTCs [19][20][21] and could cause severe economic effects on household productivity because male genders are the usual breadwinners for households in Nigeria [22]. The proportion of fatal crashes in this study was similar to 28.6% reported in a study that analyzed RTCs between 1990 and 2012 [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Trends and Distributions of Road Traffic Crashes and Injuries, Nigeria, 2013 – 2016

Babalola¹

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundAfrica accounts for one-fifth of low- and middle-income countries’ contributions to the global road traffic mortality, and Nigeria reported > 25% of this. Over the years, the trends in road traffic crashes (RTCs) in Nigeria have a slow decline. This study describes the magnitude and distribution of RTCs and injuries in Nigeria and determines if the sustainable development goal (SDG 3.6) target set in 2011 was achieved in 2016. MethodsRTCs surveillance data from the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) 2013 - 2016 was analyzed. Variables like date of the crash, route of the crash, location of the crash, the probable cause of the crash, age and sex of people involved, injured, or killed, road users type and make of vehicles were anonymized and abstracted on Microsoft Excel worksheet. RTCs outcome were classified as minor, moderate, and fatal. The road traffic injury (RTI) fatality rate is the proportion of persons killed in RTC per 100,000 population. Data analyzed for frequency, proportions, and ratio but presented in tables, trend, and charts.ResultsThere were 42,813 RTCs involving 56,331 vehicles and 283,949 persons. Fatal RTCs were 12,031 (28.1%) and 23,412 (8.2%) persons died. Male to female ratio was 3:1. North-Central zone (NCZ) reported 16,097 (37.6%) of the RTCs while South-West zone (SWZ) had the highest proportion of RTCs that were fatal 2,474/6,902 (35.8%). RTI fatality rate was highest in NCZ followed by SWZ with 23.8 and 12.7 deaths per 100,000 population, respectively. The States with the highest fatal RTCs were Oyo 631/1209 (52.0%), Yobe 114/269 (42.4%), Ondo 446/1073 (41.6%) and Kogi 566/1368 (41.4%). The commonest causes of RTCs were speed violation and loss of vehicle control. From 2011 to 2016, reduction in RTC and Fatal RTC were 27.4% and 7.8%, respectively and SDG 3.6 target not met.ConclusionsRTCs remains a major public health in Nigeria where fatal RTCs, injuries, and RTI fatality rate are differentially distributed in states and geo-political zones. RTI fatality rate was highest in NCZ and SWZ, and SDG 3.6 target was not met. Therefore, a context-specific RTCs preventive strategies should be designed and implemented in Nigeria.

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“…The PRI has been lower as reported by some studies to be between 24% and 31% but is lacking in Indian studies. [ 11 12 ] RTI remains the leading cause followed by the causes of self-accidents. Apart from RTI, the nuisance of stray animals ( n = 32, 6.4%) remains an important issue that needs to be addressed by the administration as an important preventable etiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As depicted in our study, most studies report young adults (20–40) are more prone to injuries. [ 8 9 11 15 16 17 18 ] It is a matter of concern as they represent the most economically productive age group leading to damages in terms of loss of wages and productive work hours lost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicoepidemiological profile of trauma patients admitting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in eastern India

Jain

Radhakrishnan

Mohanty

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Context: Trauma is an immediate cause of patients flowing to the emergency department of any hospital. Besides epidemiology, clinical profile and treatment strategy forms an important aspect to reflect the gap in the existing public sector health-care system and the requirement. Aims: To evaluate the clinicoepidemiological profile of trauma patients admitting to an apex trauma hospital in east India. Settings and Design: A prospective observational study was performed during the time period of December 2018 to July 2019 on trauma patients admitted to the Trauma and Emergency department. Methods and Material: Patient's demographic profile, injury type, mechanism, the vehicle involved in the accident, and transportation were recorded. Various trauma scores (clinical) and outcome measures were recorded. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done by R version 3.6.1. Results: Male: female ratio was 407:93 with the 21–30 age group predominantly. 2–6 PM was the most common time of injury and ambulance was the predominant mode of transport (58%). Road traffic injury (RTI) accounted for 75% victims; two-wheelers (68%) dominated over others. Thirty percent (drivers 18%, pillion riders 12%) were wearing helmet; 41% were wearing seat belts (drivers 34%, passenger 12%). Twenty-five percent of drivers consumed alcohol. The median ± Interquartile range of injury severity score (ISS), revised trauma and trauma score and injury severity score were 17 (11–26), 7.8 (4.1–7.8), and 98.41 (95.95–99.30), respectively. Extremity injury (54% fractures) and head injury (50%) were the frontrunners in the pattern of injury, with half of the victims were polytrauma (ISS > 15). Conclusions: The injury was prominently RTI and the trauma victims/patients were young male drivers on two wheelers. The focus should be directed to make use of safety measures among the youth.

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Epidemiology of injuries seen in a nigerian tertiary hospital

Abstract: Lacerations and fractures were the most common injuries. RTA was the leading cause of injury. TBI was the most common cause of injury-related death.

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Road traffic injuries in a Nigerian referral trauma center: Characteristics, correlates, and outcomes

Road traffic injuries in a Nigerian referral trauma center: Characteristics, correlates, and outcomes

Trends and Distributions of Road Traffic Crashes and Injuries, Nigeria, 2013 – 2016

Clinicoepidemiological profile of trauma patients admitting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in eastern India

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