Epidemiology of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, and Risk Factors

Grysiewicz, Rebbeca; Thomas, Kurian; Pandey, Dilip K.

doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.07.003

Cited by 385 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease, with 30‐day mortality rates as high as 50% 1. Of the patients who survive, 80% will be unable to function independently at 6 months poststroke 2, 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble CD163 in intracerebral hemorrhage: biomarker for perihematomal edema

Roy-O’Reilly

Zhu

Atadja

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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ObjectivePatients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may elaborate varying degrees of perihematomal edema (PHE), requiring closer monitoring and a higher intensity of treatment. Here, we explore whether the soluble form of CD163, a scavenger receptor responsible for hemoglobin sequestration, can serve as a prognostic biomarker of PHE development and poor outcome after ICH.MethodsOur study cohort was comprised of 51 primary age‐ and sex‐matched ICH patients with moderate‐sized, hypertensive deep hemorrhages. Patients were part of a prospective ICH registry cataloguing admission data along with functional outcomes. We measured sCD163 levels in serial serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained at prespecified timepoints. Descriptive statistics, including a generalized estimating equation for longitudinal data, were used to analyze sCD163 in relation to ICH outcomes.ResultsAcute serum sCD163 (<48 h postictus) was significantly elevated in ICH patients compared to both acute neurological event controls (P = <0.001) and healthy controls (P = 0.003). As predicted, acute serum sCD163 levels were significantly associated with both hematoma volume expansion (P = 0.009) and PHE expansion (P = 0.002). Further examination determined that patients with high PHE expansion had poorer modified Rankin Scale scores at discharge (P = 0.024), and circulating sCD163 levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with high‐level PHE expansion.InterpretationAcute sCD163 levels may be a useful biomarker for the acute identification of patients at risk for hematoma expansion, perihematomal edema expansion and poorer short‐term outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble CD163 in intracerebral hemorrhage: biomarker for perihematomal edema

Roy-O’Reilly

Zhu

Atadja

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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“…It accounts for a 10-15% of all strokes (2) and represents the deadliest subtype of stroke. The mortality rate of ICH is 37-52% in 30 days (3) and 50% of all death cases occur within the first two days with an in-hospital mortality of 40% (4,5). One year after the hemorrhage, 74% of patients remain with severe functional inability or deceased (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Rendevski¹,

Stojanov²,

Aleksovski³

et al. 2017

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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The aim of the paper was to evaluate the surgical outcome in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after surgical intervention, in respect to the initial clinical conditions, age, sex, hemispheric side and anatomic localization of ICH. Thirty-eight surgically treated patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage were included in the study. The surgical outcome was evaluated three months after the initial admission, according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). The surgical treatment was successful in 14 patients (37%), whereas it was unsuccessful in 24 patients (63%). We have detected a significant negative correlation between the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores on admission and the GOS scores after three months, suggesting worse neurological outcome in patients with initially lower GCS scores. The surgical outcome in patients with ICH was not affected by the sex, the hemispheric side and the anatomic localization of ICH, but the age of the patients was estimated as a significant factor for their functional outcome, with younger patients being more likely to be treated successfully. The surgical outcome is affected from the initial clinical state of the patients and their age. The treatment of ICH is still an unsolved clinical problem and the development of new surgical techniques with larger efficiency in the evacuation of the hematoma is necessary, thus making a minimal damage to the normal brain tissue, as well as decreasing the possibility of postoperative bleeding.

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“…Several lines of evidences support that genetic factors contribute to the risk of stroke 6,8,10,14) . In very recent, numerous genetic studies have been reported the relationship between stroke and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [NAD(P)H] (MTH-FR) 20) , tumor protein p53 (TP53) 5) , transforming growth factor, beta 1 (TGFB1) 21) , gap junction protein, alpha 4, 37kDa (GJA4, also known as connexin 37) 11) , interleukin 10 (IL10) 18) , chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2, also known as MCP1) 1) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms of Integrin, Alpha 6 Contribute to the Development and Neurologic Symptoms of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Korean Population

Park

2011

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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Objective : The extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion molecules play crucial roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, thrombosis, and inflammation, and also contribute to the pathogenesis of stroke. Integrin, alpha 6 (ITGA6) is a member of ECM adhesion receptors. We investigated whether two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs11895564, Ala380Thr; rs2293649, Asp694Asp) of ITGA6 were associated with the development and clinical phenotypes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke (IS). Methods : We enrolled 199 stroke (78 ICH and 121 IS) and 291 control subjects. Stroke patients were divided into subgroups according to the scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Survey (NIHSS, <6 and ≥6) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI, <60 and ≥60). SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer, and Helixtree programs were used to calculate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p values. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze genetic data. Results : A missense SNP rs11895564 was associated with the development of ICH (p=0.026 in codominant2, p=0.013 in recessive, p=0.02 in log-additive models; p=0.041 in allele distributions). The A allele frequency of rs11895564 was higher in the ICH group (13.5%) than in the control group (8.1%). In the clinical phenotypes, rs11895564 and rs2293649 showed significant associations in the MBI scores of IS (p=0.014 in codominant1 model; p=0.02 in allele distributions) and NIHSS scores of ICH (p=0.017 in codominant2, p=0.035 in recessive, p=0.035 in log-additive models), respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that ITGA6 may be associated with the development and clinical phenotypes of stroke in Korean population.

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Epidemiology of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, and Risk Factors

Cited by 385 publications

References 153 publications

Soluble CD163 in intracerebral hemorrhage: biomarker for perihematomal edema

Soluble CD163 in intracerebral hemorrhage: biomarker for perihematomal edema

Surgical Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Polymorphisms of Integrin, Alpha 6 Contribute to the Development and Neurologic Symptoms of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Korean Population

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