Epidemiology of Lateral Ligament Complex Tears of the Ankle in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Sports: 2014-15 Through 2018-19

Chandran, Avinash; Moffit, Reagan E.; Lempke, Alexandra F. DeJong; Boltz, Adrian J.; Alexander, Andrew; Robison, Hannah J.; Kerr, Zachary Y.; Collins, Christy L.; Wikstrom, Erik A.

doi:10.1177/03635465221138281

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries [ 1 , 2 ], accounting for approximately 15% of sports-related injuries [ 3 ], with a recurrence rate as high as 80% [ 4 ]. Up to 40% of people with acute ankle sprains may develop into chronic ankle instability (CAI) [ 5 ], characterized by pain, subjective instability, and re-sprains [ 6 ] due to mechanical laxity or functional deficit of ligaments following acute ankle sprains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition Exist in Peroneal Muscles Among People with Chronic Ankle Instability? A Cross-sectional Study

Dong,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Sports Med - Open

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Background Ankle sprains lead to an unexplained reduction of ankle eversion strength, and arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) in peroneal muscles is considered one of the underlying causes. This study aimed to observe the presence of AMI in peroneal muscles among people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Methods Sixty-three people with CAI and another sixty-three without CAI conducted maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and superimposed burst (SIB) tests during ankle eversion, then fifteen people with CAI and fifteen without CAI were randomly invited to repeat the same tests to calculate the test-retest reliability. Electrical stimulation was applied to the peroneal muscles while the participants were performing MVIC, and the central activation ratio (CAR) was obtained by dividing MVIC torque by the sum of MVIC and SIB torques, representing the degree of AMI. Results The intra-class correlation coefficients were 0.77 (0.45–0.92) and 0.92 (0.79–0.97) for the affected and unaffected limbs among people with CAI, and 0.97 (0.91–0.99) and 0.93 (0.82–0.97) for the controlled affected and unaffected limbs among people without CAI; Significant group × limb interaction was detected in the peroneal CAR (p = 0.008). The CARs were lower among people with CAI in the affected and unaffected limbs, compared with those without CAI (affected limb = 82.54 ± 9.46%, controlled affected limb = 94.64 ± 6.37%, p < 0.001; unaffected limb = 89.21 ± 8.04%, controlled unaffected limb = 94.93 ± 6.01%, p = 0.016). The CARs in the affected limbs were lower than those in the unaffected limbs among people with CAI (p = 0.023). No differences between limbs were found for CAR in the people without CAI (p = 0.10). Conclusions Bilateral AMI of peroneal muscles is observed among people with CAI. Their affected limbs have higher levels of AMI than the unaffected limbs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition Exist in Peroneal Muscles Among People with Chronic Ankle Instability? A Cross-sectional Study

Dong,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Sports Med - Open

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“…The ankle joint remains one of the most frequently injured body parts across multiple sports 8 . Injuries to the ankle joint complex are predominantly characterized by ligament strain, of which the vast majority involve the lateral ligament complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ankle joint remains one of the most frequently injured body parts across multiple sports. 8 Injuries to the ankle joint complex are predominantly characterized by ligament strain, of which the vast majority involve the lateral ligament complex. It is thus the single structure in the human body that is most commonly affected by an acute injury, with noncontact mechanisms being the predominant cause of injury compared with contact mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Ankle Joint Injuries in Indoor and Court Sports: A Systematic Video Analysis of 445 Nonconsecutive Case Series

Bagehorn,

de Zee,

Fong

et al. 2024

Am J Sports Med

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Background: Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in indoor and court sports. Self-reports and case studies have indicated that these injuries occur via both contact and noncontact injury mechanisms typically because of excessive inversion in combination with plantarflexion and adduction of the foot. Video-based documentation of the injury mechanism exists, but the number of cases reported in the literature is limited. Purpose: To retrieve and systematically analyze a large number of video-recorded lateral ankle injuries from indoor and court sports, as well as describe the injury mechanism, injury motion, and injury pattern across different sports. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 445 unique video-recorded lateral ankle sprain injuries were retrieved from indoor and court sports of broadcasted levels of competition. The videos were independently analyzed by 2 different reviewers. Outcomes included classification of the injury mechanism according to the International Olympic Committee consensus guidelines, primary and secondary motions of ankle joint distortion, and documentation of the fixation point (fulcrum) around which the foot rotates. Results: Overall, 298 (67%) injuries were direct contact, 113 (25%) were noncontact, and 32 (7%) were indirect contact incidents. Direct contact injuries were especially prevalent in basketball (76%), handball (80%), and volleyball (85%), while noncontact injuries dominated in tennis and badminton (96% vs 95% across both). Inversion (65%) and internal rotation (33%) were the primary distortion motions, with the lateral forefoot (53%) and lateral midfoot (40%) serving as the main fulcrums. Landing on another player's foot was the leading cause of injury (n = 246; 55%), primarily characterized by inversion (79%) around a midfoot fulcrum (54%). The noncontact and indirect landings on floor (n = 144; 33%) were primarily characterized by a distortion around a forefoot fulcrum (69%). Conclusion: Two of 3 ankle sprains from online video platforms were direct contact injuries, with most involving landing on another player's foot. The distortion motion seems to be related to the injury mechanism and the fixation point between the foot and the floor. The injury mechanisms varied greatly between sports, and future studies should clearly differentiate and investigate the specific injury mechanisms.

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“…A study of sports in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) found that an LAS was more common in basketball, soccer, volleyball, football, and gymnastics. 6 Soccer is among the most popular sports globally, and it is characterized by rapid speed changes, pivoting, jumping, kicking, and cutting movements; therefore, ankle sprains are common among soccer players. 4 , 35 In recent years, there has been growing interest in female soccer, and the number of female soccer players is increasing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With a Lateral Ankle Sprain in Young Female Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study

Taketomi,

Kawaguchi,

Mizutani

et al. 2024

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Previous studies have attempted to determine if certain risk factors can predict the occurrence of a lateral ankle sprain (LAS) in female soccer players. Unfortunately, there is limited evidence with regard to risk factors associated with an LAS in female soccer players. Purpose: To identify intrinsic risk factors for an LAS among young female soccer players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Participants were 161 young female soccer players in Japan who were evaluated for LAS risk factors during a preseason medical assessment. The assessment included anthropometric, joint laxity, joint range of motion, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and balance measurements. Each athlete’s history of LASs was also collected. The participants were monitored during a single-yearseason for LASs, as diagnosed by physicians. Results: There were 26 instances of an LAS in 25 players (15.5%) during the season. Injured players were significantly more likely to have sustained a previous ankle sprain ( P = .045) and demonstrated significantly worse balance than their peers without an LAS during the double- and single-leg balance tests ( P = .008 for both). Athletes with lower hamstring-to-quadriceps muscle strength ratios were also significantly more likely to sustain an LAS ( P = .02). Conclusion: Poor balance, a low hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, and a history of ankle sprains were associated with an increased risk of LASs in young female soccer players in the current study. These findings may be useful for developing a program to prevent LASs in this population.

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Epidemiology of Lateral Ligament Complex Tears of the Ankle in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Sports: 2014-15 Through 2018-19

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Can Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition Exist in Peroneal Muscles Among People with Chronic Ankle Instability? A Cross-sectional Study

Can Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition Exist in Peroneal Muscles Among People with Chronic Ankle Instability? A Cross-sectional Study

Lateral Ankle Joint Injuries in Indoor and Court Sports: A Systematic Video Analysis of 445 Nonconsecutive Case Series

Factors Associated With a Lateral Ankle Sprain in Young Female Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study

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