Epidemiology of Neonatal Conjunctivitis

Rapoza, Peter A.; Quinn, Thomas C.; Kiessling, Lou Ann; Taylor, Hugh R.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33716-3

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The remaining 54 infants had bacterial conjunctivitis most commonly cause by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus species. Neonates with chlamydial conjunctivitis were all born by vaginal [13]. It should be noted that we did not find a case of gonococcal conjunctivitis in this series, although there was one case of nongonococcal, nonmeningitis Neisserial infection.…”

Section: The Occurrence Of Chlamydiai Conjunctivitiscontrasting

confidence: 50%

The diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis

Taylor¹,

Fitch

Murillo-Lopez

et al. 1988

Int Ophthalmol

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Chlamydial conjunctivitis will usually go unrecognized and therefore untreated unless it is specifically considered. The possibility of chlamydial infection must be borne in mind in neonatal conjunctivitis, in acute conjunctivitis in sexually active adults, and in chronic follicular conjunctivitis. Chlamydial conjunctivitis is often indistinguishable from other forms of conjunctivitis on clinical grounds, and accurate diagnosis is based on laboratory tests. It seems that direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) cytology offers an attractive alternative to the more complicated and time-consuming tissue culture isolation method. Once diagnosed, chlamydial infection should be treated with the appropriate systemic antibiotics, and proper posttreatment follow-up is necessary to assess the efficacy of treatment.

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Section: The Occurrence Of Chlamydiai Conjunctivitiscontrasting

confidence: 50%

The diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis

Taylor¹,

Fitch

Murillo-Lopez

et al. 1988

Int Ophthalmol

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“…We conclude that C trachomatis was a rare pathogen in neonatal conjunctivitis in a population-based setting, but respiratory viruses were detected more frequently than indicated earlier. Our findings suggest that it is important to be aware of the local aetiology of neonatal conjunctivitis, as causative agents vary between geographical locations and clinical settings (1)(2)(3)(4)6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Even though systematic sampling in primary care for all possible pathogens appears to be unnecessary in our setting, routine sampling may still be needed in secondary and tertiary care units and in some geographical locations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Chlamydia trachomatis (C trachomatis) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N gonorrhoeae) are the most significant bacterial pathogens to be diagnosed in infectious neonatal conjunctivitis, because without treatment they can both lead to serious long-term consequences (8). C trachomatis is considered a major causative agent for neonatal conjunctivitis in many centres (9)(10)(11), but its proportion varies greatly between geographical regions and clinical settings, ranging from 0 to 64% (1)(2)(3)(4)6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Respiratory viruses cause more than 10% of acute paediatric conjunctivitis (19), but their role during the neonatal period remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of neonatal conjunctivitis evaluated in a population‐based setting

et al. 2018

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“…[28] M. lacunata is commonly found in hot and dry areas of the world and causes angular conjunctivitis in alcoholics and debilitated patients. [29] Neisseria spp. infects mucosa of genitourinary tract and conjunctiva of neonates, adolescents and adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired bacterial ocular infections in a tertiary eye care hospital in south India

Bharathi

Ramakrishnan

Shivakumar

et al. 2010

Indian J Ophthalmol

110

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Aims:To identify the etiology, incidence and prevalence of ocular bacterial infections, and to assess the in vitro susceptibility of these ocular bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics.Materials and Methods:Retrospective analysis of consecutive samples submitted for microbiological evaluation from patients who were clinically diagnosed with ocular infections and were treated at a tertiary eye care referral center in South India between January 2002 and December 2007.Results:A total of 4417 ocular samples was submitted for microbiological evaluation, of which 2599 (58.8%) had bacterial growth, 456 (10.3%) had fungal growth, 15 (0.34%) had acanthamoebic growth, 14 (0.32%) had mixed microbial growth and the remaining 1333 (30.2%) had negative growth. The rate of culture-positivity was found to be 88% (P < 0.001) in eyelids’ infection, 70% in conjunctival, 69% in lacrimal apparatus, 67.4% in corneal, 51.6% in intraocular tissues, 42.9% in orbital and 39.2% in scleral infections. The most common bacterial species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (26.69%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (22.14%). Sta. aureus was more prevalent more in eyelid infections (51.22%; P = 0.001) coagulase-negative staphylococci in endophthalmitis (53.1%; P = 0.001), Str. pneumoniae in lacrimal apparatus and corneal infections (64.19%; P = 0.001), Corynebacterium species in blepharitis and conjunctivitis (71%; P = 0.001), Pseudomonas aeruginosa in keratitis and dacryocystitis (66.5%; P = 0.001), Haemophilus species in dacryocystitis and conjunctivitis (66.7%; P = 0.001), Moraxella lacunata in blepharitis (54.17%; P = 0.001) and Moraxella catarrhalis in dacryocystitis (63.83%; P = 0.001). The largest number of gram-positive isolates was susceptible to moxifloxacin (98.7%) and vancomycin (97.9%), and gram-negative isolates to amikacin (93.5%) and gatifloxacin (92.7%).Conclusions:Gram-positive cocci were the most frequent bacteria isolated from ocular infections and were sensitive to moxifloxacin and vancomycin, while gram-negative isolates were more sensitive to amikacin and gatifloxacin.

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Epidemiology of Neonatal Conjunctivitis

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

The diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis

The diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis

Aetiology of neonatal conjunctivitis evaluated in a population‐based setting

Etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired bacterial ocular infections in a tertiary eye care hospital in south India

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