Epidemiology of pneumonia in hospitalized adults ≥18 years old in four districts of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2015–2019

Fagerli, Kirsten; Ulziibayar, Mukhchuluun; Suuri, Bujinlkham; Luvsantseren, Dashtseren; Narangerel, Dorj; Puversuren, Batsaiaxan; Tholmon, Bilegtsaikhan; Gessner, Bradford D.; Dunne, Eileen M.; Grobler, Anneke; Nguyen, Cattram; Mungun, Tuya; Mulholland, E. Kim; Mollendorf, Claire von

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100591

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The prevalence of pneumonia varies depending on the region and the population. In developed countries, pneumonia is more common during the winter months, with a higher incidence in older adults and people with underlying health conditions [55,56]. However, in developing countries, pneumonia is more prevalent year-round.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Etiology of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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(1) Background and Objectives: Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia, and the prevalence and etiology of the disease varies depending on the setting. The development of effective strategies can help reduce the adverse impact of this disease. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to explore the prevalence and etiology of community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia in Saudi Arabia, as well as their antimicrobial susceptibility. (2) Materials and Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations were followed for this systematic review. Several databases were used to perform a thorough literature search, and papers were then assessed for eligibility by two independent reviewers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to extract the data from the relevant research and evaluate its quality. (3) Results: This systematic review included 28 studies that highlighted the fact that gram-negative bacteria, particularly Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were the common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia, while Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. were responsible for community-acquired pneumonia in children. The study also found that bacterial isolates responsible for pneumonia showed high resistance rates against several antibiotics, including cephalosporins and carbapenems. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, the study found that different bacteria are responsible for community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. Antibiotic resistance rates were high for several commonly used antibiotics, highlighting the need for rational antibiotic use to prevent further resistance. Moreover, there is a need to conduct more regular multicenter studies to assess etiology, resistance, and susceptibility patterns of pneumonia-causing pathogens in Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Etiology of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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“…Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of the disease burden worldwide, representing a major global clinical and public health issue [ 1 , 2 ]. The annual incidence of CAP is 1.07–7.03 cases per 1 000 adults [ 2 , 3 ], and the annual incidence of severe pneumonia among adults ranges from 0.14 to 0.17 per 1 000 population [ 4 ]. An understanding of the aetiology of CAP can improve clinical treatment and vaccine and drug development, especially when molecular tests with high sensitivity are used [ 3 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of environmental factors on the aetiological diagnosis and disease severity of community-acquired pneumonia in China: a multicentre, hospital-based, observational study

Zhang,

Li,

et al. 2024

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Environmental exposures are known to be associated with pathogen transmission and immune impairment, but the association of exposures with aetiology and severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are unclear. A retrospective observational study was conducted at nine hospitals in eight provinces in China from 2014 to 2019. CAP patients were recruited according to inclusion criteria, and respiratory samples were screened for 33 respiratory pathogens using molecular test methods. Sociodemographic, environmental and clinical factors were used to analyze the association with pathogen detection and disease severity by logistic regression models combined with distributed lag nonlinear models. A total of 3323 CAP patients were included, with 709 (21.3%) having severe illness. 2064 (62.1%) patients were positive for at least one pathogen. More severe patients were found in positive group. After adjusting for confounders, particulate matter (PM) 2.5 and 8-h ozone (O 3 -8h) were significant association at specific lag periods with detection of influenza viruses and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. PM10 and carbon monoxide (CO) showed cumulative effect with severe CAP. Pollutants exposures, especially PM, O 3 -8h, and CO should be considered in pathogen detection and severity of CAP to improve the clinical aetiological and disease severity diagnosis.

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“…Pneumonia from bacterial infection is the most common condition, especially in the elderly. The incidence of severe pneumonia in the elderly (> 65 years old) is approximately 10–13 per 10,000 population [ 1 ]. Although Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , and atypical bacteria ( Chlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , and Legionella species ) are the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia [ 2 ], pneumonia from Gram-negative bacteria (mostly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ) are important causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages isolated from mouse feces attenuates pneumonia mice caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Sutnu,

Chancharoenthana,

Kamolratanakul

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Most of the current bacteriophages (phages) are mostly isolated from environments. However, phages isolated from feces might be more specific to the bacteria that are harmful to the host. Meanwhile, some phages from the environment might affect non-pathogenic bacteria for the host. Methods Here, bacteriophages isolated from mouse feces were intratracheally (IT) or intravenously (IV) administered in pneumonia mice caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 2 hours post-intratracheal bacterial administration. As such, the mice with phage treatment, using either IT or IV administration, demonstrated less severe pneumonia as indicated by mortality, serum cytokines, bacteremia, bacterial abundance in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in lung tissue (immunofluorescence of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase). Results Interestingly, the abundance of phages in BALF from the IT and IV injections was similar, supporting a flexible route of phage administration. With the incubation of bacteria with neutrophils, the presence of bacteriophages significantly improved bactericidal activity, but not NETs formation, with the elevated supernatant IL-6 and TNF-α, but not IL-1β. In conclusion, our findings suggest that bacteriophages against Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be discovered from feces of the host. Conclusions The phages attenuate pneumonia partly through an enhanced neutrophil bactericidal activity, but not via inducing NETs formation. The isolation of phages from the infected hosts themselves might be practically useful for future treatment. More studies are warranted.

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Epidemiology of pneumonia in hospitalized adults ≥18 years old in four districts of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2015–2019

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence and Etiology of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns: A Systematic Review

Prevalence and Etiology of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns: A Systematic Review

Impacts of environmental factors on the aetiological diagnosis and disease severity of community-acquired pneumonia in China: a multicentre, hospital-based, observational study

Bacteriophages isolated from mouse feces attenuates pneumonia mice caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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