Epidemiology of renal insufficiency in inflammatory bowel disease patients in Tanta University Hospitals

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic immune mediated intestinal conditions. The objective of this research is to investigate the epidemiology of renal insufficiency among patients with IBD who were hospitalized in Tanta University Hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted on 100 patients who exhibited clinical criteria indicative of Crohn's disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and blood creatinine were evaluated. Patients were categorized into two groups: CD group (N=8), and UC group (N=92). The diagnosis of renal insufficiency in these patients was conducted by measuring GFR and blood creatinine levels using the modification of diet and renal disease (MDRD) study equation. Results: IBD-related surgeries were significantly higher in CD (50% Vs 10.87% in UC). Renal impairment in IBD patients was higher with increasing age, the co-existence of Hyperlipidaemia, Diabetes mellitus and with the use of antibiotic, NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and azathioprine, also with IBD related surgeries and extra intestinal manifestations (EIMs) as Arthritis and Uveitis. Regarding univariate analysis, Age, HTN and Acetaminophen use were significant risk factors for IBD (OR= 1.227; p= 0.004, 14.333; p=0.006 and 6.882; p= 0.043) respectively. Regarding multivariate analysis, only age was a significant risk factor for IBD (OR= 1.254; p= 0.027). Conclusions: Renal impairment was found in 16% of the cases, we reported that renal impairment was significantly higher with increasing age, the co-existence of DM, hyperlipidaemia and with the use of azathioprine, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen and antibiotic. Also, with IBD related surgeries and EIMs as arthritis and uveitis.