Epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in patients with acute respiratory tract infection in Xiamen, China: A retrospective survey from 2020 to 2022

Hong, Shan; Li, Dan; Wei, Yanli; Zheng, Yilin; Cai, Jiading; Zheng, Heping; Zhang, Xuan; Deng, Yulin; Han, Dandan; Wang, Jia; Chen, Linlin; Li, Shujing; Qiu, Weiping; Ren, Min; Zou, Liangneng

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22302

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Notably, the overall pathogen detection rates showed no significant difference between males (56.5%) and females (55.5%), suggesting that gender does not significantly influence pathogen presence when age is considered. This is consistent with the investigation of the prevalence of respiratory pathogens in existing studies ( 12 , 13 , 26 ). However, gender disparities emerged in specific pathogen types.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Regarding the research on epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections, the existing investigations primarily focus on specific regions in China like City of Zunyi ( 10 ), Chengdu ( 11 ), Xiamen ( 12 ), and Suzhou ( 13 ), or other countries’ specific regions such as Central Panama ( 14 ), and the findings may not be universally applicable. Only a few studies focus on the national level, such as China ( 15 ) and Senegal ( 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends

Li,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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ObjectiveTo address the research gap in the epidemiology of pediatric respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Luzhou, Southern Sichuan, China, by analyzing respiratory pathogens in a large pediatric cohort from 2018 to 2021, covering the pre- and during-COVID-19 periods.MethodsThis study conducted a retrospective analysis of children with RTIs in Luzhou from July 2018 to January 2021. Strict exclusion criteria were applied to ensure an accurate representation of the pediatric population. Pathogen detection included viruses, bacteria, and atypical agents.ResultsPathogens were identified in 52.8% of 12,546 cases. Viruses accounted for 32.2% of infections, bacteria for 29.8%, and atypical agents for 29.7%, with significant findings of Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Age-related analysis indicated a higher incidence of bacterial infections in infants and viral infections in preschool-aged children, with atypical pathogens being most prevalent in 3–5-year-olds. Gender-based analysis, adjusted for age, revealed similar overall pathogen presence; however, females were more susceptible to viral infections, while males were more prone to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Notably, there was an unusual increase in pathogen cases during spring, potentially influenced by behavioral changes and public health measures related to COVID-19. Co-infections were identified as a significant risk factor for the development of pneumonia.ConclusionThe study provides essential insights into the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for healthcare strategies tailored to age, gender, and seasonality. The findings highlight the impact of environmental and public health factors, including COVID-19 measures, on respiratory pathogen prevalence, underscoring the importance of targeted diagnostic and treatment protocols in pediatric respiratory infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends

Li,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are responsible for a high level of morbidity and mortality in humans, which have been considered one of the most significant factors threatening public health worldwide ( 1 ). The rapid spread of LRTIs-related pathogens within a short time are frequently observed in some specific occasions (e.g., kindergarten and playground), owing to their high contagion ( 2 ). The outbreak or occurrence of LRTIs can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), while the epidemiological characteristics of these infectious agents vary from regions, seasons, and other factors ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of normalized COVID-19 prevention and control measures on lower respiratory tract infection pathogenesis in hospitalized children

Feng,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of common pathogens contributing to childhood lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsA total of 11,891 enrolled patients, aged 1 month to 14 years, diagnosed with LRTIs and admitted to Xiangtan Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed in this study. Specifically, the epidemiological characteristics of these pathogens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in the number of children hospitalized with LRTIs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) compared to data from 2018 to 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic). Of these cases, 60.01% (7,136/11,891) were male and 39.99% (4,755/11,891) were female. 78.9% (9,381/11,891) cases occurred in children under 4 years of age. The average pathogen detection rate among 11,891 hospitalized LRTIs children was 62.19% (7,395/11,891), with the average pathogen detection rate of 60.33% (4,635/7,682) and 65.57% (2,670/4,209) before and during COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The detection rates of adenovirus (ADV), bordetella pertussis (BP) and moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) decreased dramatically, while the detection rates of influenza viruses (IFV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), and staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, RSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), H. influenzae, and IFV were the major pathogens causing LRTIs in hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionPublic health interventions for COVID-19 prevention are beneficial to reduce the incidence of LRTIs in children by limiting the prevalence of ADV, MP, BP, and M. catarrhalis, but which have limited restrictive effects on other common LRTIs-associated pathogens. Collectively, the data in this study comprehensively investigated the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens, which will be beneficial for improving early preventive measures.

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“…A cross-sectional study of adult respiratory infection pathogens in the Xiamen where near Fuzhou identified age and seasonal patterns, with Rhinovirus and Influenza B peaking in autumn, and elevated Influenza A infections during summer [ 10 ]. Contrarily, the infections of the lower respiratory tract were predominantly caused by bacteria or fungi, rather than viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of diurnal temperature variations on sputum bacterial detection in hospitalized patients with acute COPD exacerbation: a retrospective study from Fuzhou, China

Xue,

Wang

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

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Objective To investigate the association between meteorological data three days before admission and the status of sputum pathogens culture in hospitalized patients with Acute exacerbation of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and respiratory infections. Methods Data from 1,370 AECOPD patients (80.66% males, approximately 80% age > 70) with respiratory infections hospitalized in Fujian Provincial Hospital between December 2013 and December 2019 were collected. This cohort comprised, along with concurrent meteorological data from Fuzhou. Group differences were analyzed to compare the meteorological data three days prior to admission between patients with positive sputum pathogen cultures and those without. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between meteorological parameters and the status of sputum pathogen cultures in patients with AECOPD and respiratory infections. Sensitivity analyses was conducted among the hospitalized patients from 2013 to 2016 and 2017–2019. Stratified analysis was performed to explore the factors affecting the effect of temperature differences and their interactions. Results 578(42.19%) cases had a positive sputum culture report indicating pathogen growth. 323 cases were found with Gram-negative bacteria, 160 with Gram-positive bacteria, and 114 with fungi. Uni-variate analysis revealed statistical differences in DTD three days prior to admission (DTD-3d) between the positive and negative sputum culture groups (p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis indicated that an increase in the risk of positive sputum pathogen cultures was associated with greater DTD three days before admission (DTD-3d), with OR1.657 (95%CI [ 1.328–1.981]). The risk of positive sputum pathogen cultures was higher in groups with greater DTD-3d. The findings were consistent across different admission periods. Stratified analysis showed that patients without respiratory failure were more affected by DTD-3d, and an interaction effect was observed (p < 0.001). Conclusion In coastal areas, the diurnal temperature difference three days prior to admission affects the sputum pathogen status in AECOPD patients with respiratory infections.

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Epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in patients with acute respiratory tract infection in Xiamen, China: A retrospective survey from 2020 to 2022

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends

Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends

Impact of normalized COVID-19 prevention and control measures on lower respiratory tract infection pathogenesis in hospitalized children

Impact of diurnal temperature variations on sputum bacterial detection in hospitalized patients with acute COPD exacerbation: a retrospective study from Fuzhou, China

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