Epidemiology of restless legs syndrome: A synthesis of the literature

Abstract

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has gained considerable attention in the recent years: nearly 50 community-based studies have been published in the last decade around the world. The development of strict diagnostic criteria in 1995 and their revision in 2003 helped to stimulate research interest on this syndrome. In community-based surveys, RLS has been studied as: (1) a symptom only, (2) a set of symptoms meeting minimal diagnostic criteria of the IRLSSG, (3) meeting minimal criteria accompanied with a specific frequency and/or severity, and (4) a differential diagnosis. In the first case, prevalence estimates in the general adult population ranged from 9.4% to 15%. In the second case, prevalence ranged from 3.9% to 14.3%. When frequency/severity is added, prevalence ranged from 2.2% to 7.9% and when differential diagnosis is applied prevalence estimates are between 1.9% and 4.6%. In all instances, RLS prevalence is higher in women than in men. It also increases with age in European and North American countries but not in Asian countries. Symptoms of anxiety and depression have been consistently associated with RLS. Overall, individuals with RLS have a poorer health than non-RLS but evidence for specific disease associations is mixed. Future epidemiological studies should focus on systematically adding frequency and severity in the definition of the syndrome in order to minimize the inclusion of cases mimicking RLS.

Sleep Medicine in Saudi Arabia

“…18 This prevalence falls within previously reported ranges of restless leg syndrome prevalence (ie, 3.2% to 12%) in other countries. 18,19 …”

Poor Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Among Medical Students in India: A Call for MBBS Curriculum Change

“…OSA has an estimated prevalence of around 15-20% in males, 6-10% in females and 1-4% in children [1][2][3]. Insomnia affects around 10-30% of population, and RLS has a population prevalence of 10% [4][5][6][7][8]. In total, all sleep disorders affect approximately 50-60% of population.…”

Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome

“…RLS is a common disorder, affecting approximately 2-3 % of the population with an increased frequency with advancing age, and is more common in women than men [3][4][5][6]. RLS can occur as a primary disorder, either familial or sporadic, or may arise secondary to a medical or neurological condition, including iron deficiency, uremia, or pregnancy.…”