Epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in Germany

Brimil, Nadia; Barthell, Elisabeth; Heindrichs, U.; Kuhn, Melanie; Lütticken, Rudolf; Spellerberg, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.11.001

Cited by 97 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This value is much higher than the 6.6 % rate reported from Greek hospitals (Tsolia et al, 2003) but corresponds to a recent report from German clinical centres where the rate in pregnant women was 16 % (Brimil et al, 2006). According to Welch & Aldridge (2005), GBS detection depends strongly on laboratory experience and this may explain the differences among various centres and countries.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 46%

Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

Strus

Pawlik

Brzychczy-Włoch

et al. 2009

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The study was arranged to assess the actual rates of colonization of pregnant women and their children with group B streptococcus (GBS) in a Polish university hospital. Resistance of these cocci to macrolides and clindamycin was also tested and routes of transmission of GBS were followed in some cases using molecular typing. Colonization with GBS was checked in 340 pregnant women living in the south-eastern region of Poland (Małopolska) in the years [2004][2005][2006]. Women with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized than those with a normal pregnancy (20.0 % versus 17.2 %). Moreover, women with a complicated pregnancy were twice as often colonized with GBS strains with the MLS B phenotype indicating resistance to macrolides and clindamycin. Regarding neonatal colonization by GBS, we found that neonates born from the colonized mothers with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized with GBS than those from the mothers with a normal pregnancy (35 % versus 26.7 %). By molecular typing of the GBS strains isolated from mothers and their newborns we have been able to suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of the strains from the hospital environment to newborns. Our results clearly indicate that rates of GBS colonization among pregnant women and neonates in a Polish university hospital have reached levels comparable to those reported in other European clinical centres. INTRODUCTIONGroup B streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) has been implicated as a leading cause of neonatal invasive infections. Many adults are asymptomatically colonized with GBS in the genital and gastrointestinal tracts but colonized pregnant women are at increased risk of premature delivery and perinatal transmission to their neonates (Schuchat, 2000). GBS has been the principal cause of sepsis and meningitis during the early and late onset of neonatal infection. It is generally accepted that a neonate acquires its microflora, including GBS, by aspiration of the infected amniotic fluid, by vertical transmission during labour and later on also from the hospital environment.The systemic introduction of the appropriate antimicrobial drug after the onset of labour or rupture of membranes is highly effective in reducing neonatal colonization with GBS, and therefore in 1996 in the USA two consensus statement guidelines were issued on intrapartum prophylaxis (CDC, 1996;Schrag et al., 2002), which reduced early neonatal GBS infection to less than 50 % of previous levels. The recommended laboratory techniques may be enhanced by applying rapid identification methods and, when susceptibility testing is indicated, by determining inducible clindamycin resistance in conjunction with screening (Welch & Aldridge, 2005).Epidemiological data on GBS-infected newborns indicate that the mean incidence rate of invasive GBS infection is 0.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 46%

Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

Strus

Pawlik

Brzychczy-Włoch

et al. 2009

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…In Canada, types Ia, III and V were common; similarly, and in Europe, except for Greece, type III was predominant in many countries (21). Additionally, type Ib is emerging in Germany (22). Based on a recent performed study in three African countries, similar prevalence of types III and V was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Genotyping of Clinical Streptococcus agalactiae Strains Based on Molecular Serotype of Capsular (cps) Gene Cluster Sequences Using Polymerase Chain Reaction

Arabestani

Mousavi

Nasaj

2016

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is major cause of serious life threatening infections including sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis in neonates as well as in pregnant women. Capsular polysaccharide typing is significant and essential for epidemiological studies of GBS. Objectives:The aim of the current study was to differentiate genotypes of GBS clinical isolates based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to acquire information about distribution of GBS types in Hamedan, Iran. Methods: In this experimental study we used sixty-two GBS clinical strains isolated from vaginal swabs (n = 16), urine cultures (n = 45) and blood culture (n = 1) of patients, who had referred to educational hospitals and private clinic centers during nine months from June 2013 to February 2014 in Hamedan, Iran, for genotyping using multiplex PCR assay. Results: Among the 62 GBS isolates examined, all capsular types except for VI, VII and VIII were found. Types III and V were the most prevalent types with a sum of 46 isolates (74.2%). Type III was the predominant type with 35 (56.5%) isolates, followed by type V (11 isolates; 17.7%), type II (seven isolates; 11.3%), type Ia (five isolates; 8.1%) and Ib and IV with similar prevalence of two isolates (3.2%). Conclusions:The results of the current study demonstrated that type III is the predominant type in Hamedan, followed by types V, type II, type Ia, Ib and IV, respectively. Use of the molecular serotyping (MS) method such as PCR assay as an alternative to conventional serotyping (CS) method leads to accurate, sensitive, specific, and fast typing of GBS isolates.

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“…Even if some strains are associated with an increased risk of infection, other strains cannot be considered harmless. For practical purposes, this warrants screening for and (50,52,53) indicate. Thus, the efficacy of a capsule-based vaccination might vary in different countries and also might change over time (54), emphasizing a need for typing GBS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Microarray-Based Typing of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates

Nitschke¹,

Slickers²,

Müller³

et al. 2014

J Clin Microbiol

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c Streptococcus agalactiae frequently colonizes the urogenital tract, and it is a major cause of bacterial septicemia, meningitis, and pneumonia in newborns. For typing purposes, a microarray targeting group B streptococcus (GBS) virulence-associated markers and resistance genes was designed and validated with reference strains, as well as clinical and veterinary isolates. Selected isolates were also subjected to multilocus sequence typing. It was observed that putative typing markers, such as alleles of the alpha-like protein or capsule types, vary independently of each other, and they also vary independently from the affiliation to their multilocus sequence typing (MLST)-defined sequence types. Thus, it is not possible to assign isolates to sequence types based on the identification of a single distinct marker, such as a capsule type or alp allele. This suggests the occurrence of frequent genomic recombination. For array-based typing, a set of 11 markers (bac, alp, pil1 locus, pepS8, fbsB, capsule locus, hylB, abiG-I/-II plus Q8DZ34, pil2 locus, nss plus srr plus rogB2, and rgfC/A/D/B) was defined that provides a framework for splitting the tested 448 S. agalactiae isolates into 76 strains that clustered mainly according to MLST-defined clonal complexes. There was evidence for region-and host-specific differences in the population structure of S. agalactiae, as well as an overrepresentation of strains related to sequence type 17 among the invasive isolates. The arrays and typing scheme described here proved to be a convenient tool for genotyping large numbers of clinical/veterinary isolates and thus might help obtain insight into the epidemiology of S. agalactiae.

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Epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in Germany

Cited by 97 publications

References 26 publications

Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

Genotyping of Clinical Streptococcus agalactiae Strains Based on Molecular Serotype of Capsular (cps) Gene Cluster Sequences Using Polymerase Chain Reaction

DNA Microarray-Based Typing of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates

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