Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniasis with emphasis on its prevalence and transmission in a Kashmiri population in India: A prospective study

Lateef, Mohammad; Nazir, Muzaffar; Zargar, Showkat Ali; Tariq, Khurshid Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.088

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…M > F Alces alces [11] Moniezia benedeni M > F Alces alces [141] Fasciola hepatica M > F Cervus elaphus [142] Varestrongylus spp. M > F Alces alces [11] Taenia saginata ND; M > F Bos taurus [143,144] Dicrocoelium dendriticum M < F Bos taurus [145] Haemonchus contortus M > F Ovis aries [77] Taenia ovis ND Ovis aries [146] Paramphistomum spp. ND Bos taurus [147] Trichinella spiralis M > F Mus musculus [80] Taenia solium M < F Homo sapiens [66,148] Strongyloides spp.…”

Section: Nematodes Cestodes Trematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex—the most underappreciated variable in research: insights from helminth-infected hosts

Wesołowska

2022

Vet Res

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The sex of a host affects the intensity, prevalence, and severity of helminth infection. In many cases, one sex has been found to be more susceptible than the other, with the prevalence and intensity of helminth infections being generally higher among male than female hosts; however, many exceptions exist. This observed sex bias in parasitism results primarily from ecological, behavioural, and physiological differences between males and females. Complex interactions between these influences modulate the risk of infection. Indeed, an interplay among sex hormones, sex chromosomes, the microbiome and the immune system significantly contributes to the generation of sex bias among helminth-infected hosts. However, sex hormones not only can modulate the course of infection but also can be exploited by the parasites, and helminths appear to have developed molecules and pathways for this purpose. Furthermore, host sex may influence the efficacy of anti-helminth vaccines; however, although little data exist regarding this sex-dependent efficacy, host sex is known to influence the response to vaccines. Despite its importance, host sex is frequently overlooked in parasitological studies. This review focuses on the key contributors to sex bias in the case of helminth infection. The precise nature of the mechanisms/factors determining these sex-specific differences generally remains largely unknown, and this represents an obstacle in the development of control methods. There is an urgent need to identify any protective elements that could be targeted in future therapies to provide optimal disease management with regard to host sex. Hence, more research is needed into the impact of host sex on immunity and protection.

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Section: Nematodes Cestodes Trematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex—the most underappreciated variable in research: insights from helminth-infected hosts

Wesołowska

2022

Vet Res

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“…Our data also suggest that taeniosis may occur more commonly among males than females, with more than twice as many samples from males than females in our laboratory at IPK. An association between males and T. saginata taeniosis has been reported from other locations (e.g., India; Lateef et al, 2020 , Thailand; Anantaphruti, 2013 ). However, in these instances the sex distribution was noted in survey-type studies, and we cannot rule out that in our location males are more likely to seek diagnosis for this infection than females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

A retrospective study of Taenia spp. in Cuban patients: what does molecular analysis tell us?

Puebla

Fernández

Nodarse

et al. 2021

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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Taeniosis is a neglected disease, particularly in developing countries, and is caused by infection with the adult tapeworm of either Taenia solium, Taenia saginata , and Taenia asiatica . Of these, T. solium is of primary concern due to the potential for cysticercosis should T. solium eggs be ingested. In Cuba, all cases of taeniosis are assumed to be caused by T. saginata , although some cases of cysticercosis have been documented. It is therefore important to gain further insights regarding the species causing taeniosis in Cuba, especially as diagnostic records indicate an increasing incidence, with the highest number of cases reported in 2020. In this study, we analysed 37 Taenia -positive faecal samples (or proglottids isolated from faecal samples) from the period 2001 until 2020 from all regions of the country. Genomic DNA was extracted from the samples, which had been stored in 10% formalin, using the QIAamp Tissue Kit. Species identification was carried out by duplex real-time PCR targeting the mitochondrial DNA. All cases were found to be T. saginata, and sequence analysis of three isolates confirmed the identification of this species. Our data do not provide any evidence that T. solium currently occurs in Cuba. However, given the relatively low number of samples analysed here, that the parasite may be imported with visitors or travellers who have been in endemic countries, and that taeniosis has relatively mild symptoms and thus infected patients may not seek medical attention, we recommend species determination for all taeniosis cases reported in Cuba.

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“…In contrast to better funded focused epidemiological surveys, e.g. in Zambia [23], India [41], Peru [42], Lao PDR [43], and China [44] just to mention a few examples, that rely on dedicated technical infrastructure to perform PCR-reactions or immunoassays to detect taeniasis, our approach can help extend taeniasis diagnostics more broadly. The easy readout of the entire mtDNA sequence by single egg RNA-sequencing provides valuable insight into the regional transmission and spread of T. solium infections, because the "barcodes" of mitochondrial genes can be easily used for taxonomic fine tuning [45,46] and thus for elucidation of chains of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Taenia solium infections based on “mail order” RNA-sequencing of single tapeworm egg isolates from stool samples

et al. 2021

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Combined community health programs aiming at health education, preventive anti-parasitic chemotherapy, and vaccination of pigs have proven their potential to regionally reduce and even eliminate Taenia solium infections that are associated with a high risk of neurological disease through ingestion of T. solium eggs. Yet it remains challenging to target T. solium endemic regions precisely or to make exact diagnoses in individual patients. One major reason is that the widely available stool microscopy may identify Taenia ssp. eggs in stool samples as such, but fails to distinguish between invasive (T. solium) and less invasive Taenia (T. saginata, T. asiatica, and T. hydatigena) species. The identification of Taenia ssp. eggs in routine stool samples often prompts a time-consuming and frequently unsuccessful epidemiologic workup in remote villages far away from a diagnostic laboratory. Here we present “mail order” single egg RNA-sequencing, a new method allowing the identification of the exact Taenia ssp. based on a few eggs found in routine diagnostic stool samples. We provide first T. solium transcriptome data, which show extremely high mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcript counts that can be used for subspecies classification. “Mail order” RNA-sequencing can be administered by health personnel equipped with basic laboratory tools such as a microscope, a Bunsen burner, and access to an international post office for shipment of samples to a next generation sequencing facility. Our suggested workflow combines traditional stool microscopy, RNA-extraction from single Taenia eggs with mitochondrial RNA-sequencing, followed by bioinformatic processing with a basic laptop computer. The workflow could help to better target preventive healthcare measures and improve diagnostic specificity in individual patients based on incidental findings of Taenia ssp. eggs in diagnostic laboratories with limited resources.

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Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniasis with emphasis on its prevalence and transmission in a Kashmiri population in India: A prospective study

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Sex—the most underappreciated variable in research: insights from helminth-infected hosts

Sex—the most underappreciated variable in research: insights from helminth-infected hosts

A retrospective study of Taenia spp. in Cuban patients: what does molecular analysis tell us?

Diagnosis of Taenia solium infections based on “mail order” RNA-sequencing of single tapeworm egg isolates from stool samples

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