Epidemiology of tinea capitis in northeast Iran: a retrospective analysis from 1998 to 2012

Afshar, Parvaneh; Larijani, Laleh Vahedi; Ghasemi, Maryam; Mardanshahi, Alireza

doi:10.1111/ijd.12888

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the current study, the results of direct examination revealed that endothrix (69.6%) was more common than ectothrix (30.4%). While some studies [15, 18] have reported endothrix to be more common than ectothrix, others have demonstrated the higher prevalence of ectothrix [11, 19] based on KOH examination. This discrepancy could be related to the difference in the dominant dermatophyte species in various geographic areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-mycological profile of tinea capitis and its comparative response to griseofulvin versus terbinafine

Mikaeili

Kavoussi

Hashemian

et al. 2019

CMM

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Background and Purpose: Tinea capitis is the most common superficial mycosis inchildren. This disease is a contagious infection with worldwide distribution and isoccasionally associated with permanent alopecia. The treatment of this infectionusually requires the administration of appropriate oral antifungal agents. The currentstudy was conducted to evaluate the clinico-mycological profile of tinea capitis andcompare the efficiency of oral griseofulvin and terbinafine in the treatment of thisdisease.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 69 patients, including 23females (33.3%) and 46 males (66.7%), clinically suspected of tinea capitis. After theconfirmation of tinea capitis diagnosis through direct examination, the subjects wererandomly assigned into two groups of griseofulvin and terbinafine. Demographic data,clinical and mycological characteristics, and therapeutic outcome were recorded forboth groups.Results: According to the results, tinea capitis was more common in children youngerthan 15 years (73.9%), athletes (37.7%), and males (66.7%), and those with frontalinvolvement (34.8%), non-inflammatory type (68.1%), endothrix (69.6%), andTrichophyton tonsurans species (41.7%). The griseofulvin and terbinafine groups hadthe treatment success rates of 90.9% and 80.6%, respectively (P=0.311). Thegriseofulvin group had a shorter therapeutic course than the terbinafine group(P=0.129).Conclusion: Although our findings demonstrated that both griseofulvin and terbinafinewere effective in the treatment of tinea capitis, griseofulvin showed a little higherefficacy in this regard. Consideration of some variables, such as age, associated riskfactors, clinical type, hair involvement pattern, and dominant pathogenic species, isimportant in the determination of the drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-mycological profile of tinea capitis and its comparative response to griseofulvin versus terbinafine

Mikaeili

Kavoussi

Hashemian

et al. 2019

CMM

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“…A completed detailed summary of all included of TC reported in the Asian continent 139–149 is shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of worldwide data on tinea capitis: analysis of the last 20 years

Rodríguez-Cerdeira

Martínez‐Herrera

Szepietowski

et al. 2020

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Dermatophyte infections are the most common fungal infections in humans; among them, tinea capitis (TC) – the most contagious fungal infection – is caused by anthropophilic, zoophilic and geophilic dermatophytes. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the different aetiological variants involved in TC and the overall epidemiology of the causes of this infection in the last two decades. We searched the MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase databases for articles published from July 2000 to August 2019 using the following search terms: ‘Tinea capitis’, ‘Africa’, ‘America’, ‘Asia’, ‘Europe’, ‘Oceania’, and the names of the countries on each continent. The flow of information through the different phases in this systematic review was depicted using a PRISMA flow diagram, which mapped the number of records identified, included and excluded, and the reasons for exclusion. Our findings indicate that the frequency of different aetiologic agents of TC in the reported studies varied globally, from 0.4–87.7% in Africa, 0.2–74.0% in North America, 0.0–91.2% in Eastern Asia, 0.0–69.0% in Eastern Europe and 2.9–86.4% in Oceania. Microsporum canis is the most frequent reported zoophilic agent worldwide, while Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton tonsurans are the predominant anthropophilic agents. Over time, the frequency of these latter fungal infections has increased globally, and these fungi have become the major species globally. Anthropophilic transmission – the most prevalent type of transmission – could be explained by two factors: (i) the socioeconomic status of affected countries and population groups with associated risk factors and (ii) movement of populations importing new causes of infection to areas where they had not been encountered previously. We observed that intercontinental migration and travel; globalization; environmental, climatic and ecological changes; and accelerated evolution of health technologies may influence the observed epidemiological changes and, consequently, contributed to the variations in the global status of TC.

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“…Although most dermatologists are familiar with TC in children, adults with TC are often neglected despite the increasing number of cases 2,3 . Adult TC only contributed 1.7% to 15.2% of cases in previous studies 4,5 . Why is adult TC uncommon?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of tinea capitis in northern Taiwan during 2014‐2019: An unusual bimodal distribution of patients and comparison of paediatric and adult cases

Wang

Shang

Yang

et al. 2021

Mycoses

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Tinea capitis (TC) mainly occurs in children, and related studies in adults are rare. We aimed to investigate the current epidemiological, clinical and mycological characteristics of TC and to compare adult and paediatric patients in northern Taiwan. We conducted a retrospective study at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, from 2014 to 2019. The dataset included age, sex, records of underlying diseases, animal contact history, frequent hair salon visits, clinical patterns, treatment and outcome via chart or phone call reviews. The average ages of 72 children and 104 adults recruited were 6.0 and 74.0 years, respectively. A female predominance was noted in both groups, and the ratio of females was significantly higher in adults (94.2% vs 59.7%, P < .0001). Microsporum canis (76.4%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (11.1%) in children, and M. canis (49.0%) and T. violaceum (31.7%) in adults were the most common pathogens. Adults were more likely to be infected with T. violaceum (OR = 10.14, 95% CI = 2.04‐50.26) than children. In contrast, adults were less likely to be infected with M. canis than children (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11‐0.90). Furthermore, adults visited hair salons more, had less animal contact and were more immunosuppressed than children. TC is not unusual in the adult population. Dermatologists are advised to realise risk factors such as immunosuppression and regular hair salon visit in adult TC.

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Epidemiology of tinea capitis in northeast Iran: a retrospective analysis from 1998 to 2012

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Clinico-mycological profile of tinea capitis and its comparative response to griseofulvin versus terbinafine

Clinico-mycological profile of tinea capitis and its comparative response to griseofulvin versus terbinafine

A systematic review of worldwide data on tinea capitis: analysis of the last 20 years

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of tinea capitis in northern Taiwan during 2014‐2019: An unusual bimodal distribution of patients and comparison of paediatric and adult cases

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