Epidemiology, pathology and identification of Colletotrichum including a novel species associated with avocado (Persea americana) anthracnose in Israel

Sharma, Gunjan; Maymon, Marcel; Freeman, Stanley

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15946-w

Cited by 110 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The plant tissue was then placed aseptically on potato dextrose agar (PDA, Difco, USA) plates amended with 250 ppm chloramphenicol, and incubated at 25 °C. Cultures growing from affected tissue sections were further purified by the single spore method 35 . Representative Foc TR4 isolates from Israel and others used in this study, were kindly provided by R. Ploetz (Univ.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East

Maymon

Sela

Shpatz

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc) is considered one of the most devastating soilborne fungal pathogens of banana worldwide. foc causing mortality to cavendish group bananas, and belonging to the unique vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 01213/16 has been termed tropical race 4 (TR4) and has currently been renamed F. odoratissimum. The pathogen that was first detected approximately 50 years ago in South east Asia, has since spread to countries within the greater Mekong subregion and to Australia. Recently, the pathogen disseminated to india, pakistan, oman and Mozambique (Africa) and was identified in the South American continent in Colombia in 2019. In the Middle East, TR4 was first reported from Jordan and Lebanon, and later from Israel in 2016. In Israel, the pathogen was identified as TR4 by VCG tests, pathogenicity assays and molecular verification. The complete genomes of five representative TR4 isolates including two from Israel, one from Jordan, one from the Philippines, and one from indonesia were sequenced, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (Snps) analyses were conducted. SNPs were compared to 11 additional sequenced TR4 isolates, to determine the origin of the israeli isolates. Snp detection and phylogeographical analyses determined that the Middle eastern isolates are closely related, indicating that the pathogen most likely spread to Israel from Jordan, while those from colombia are related to a representative isolate from indonesia. Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most popular exported fruit and serves as a staple diet for millions of people worldwide 1. In 2017, the approximate volume of global production reached 114 million tons totaling a gross value of about US$8 billion per year 2. An estimated 15% of all production reaches international markets, most of which are from cultivars within the Cavendish subgroup. Cavendish cultivars are the most popularly grown and exported bananas worldwide today, due to their resistance to 'Panama disease' caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) race 1, that eliminated the susceptible 'Gros Michel' cultivar and related industry 1,3. 'Panama disease' or Fusarium wilt, caused by F. o. f.sp. cubense (Foc) race 1, was first described in Australia in 1874 4. The pathogen destroyed the well-established 'Gros Michel' cultivar banana industry that was grown in monoculture plantations in the Americas, Africa and in the Far East during the 1900s 5. Thus, Fusarium wilt became known as a pathogen of significant global importance. The cultivar 'Gros Michel' was subsequently replaced by resistant Cavendish group cultivars, however, the disease recurred approximately 50 years ago in the 1970's in the southeast Asian continent and Australia with the detection of a new race of Foc, tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), causing mortality to Cavendish cultivars 6. Since then the disease has spread throughout SouthEast Asia, to the Middle-East, India and Pakistan, and was recently discovered in the African continent in Mozambique in 2015 7,8. Foc TR4 was...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When mutants formed a prototrophic heterokaryon, their parent isolates were assigned to the same VCG. 35 . Arbitrarily-primed (Ap)-PCR was performed on all the TR4 isolates using the following primers: (CAG) 5 , (GACA) 4 , (AGG) 5 and (GACAC) 3 [30][31][32] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East

Maymon

Sela

Shpatz

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Damages caused by pathologies that affect fruit external and internal quality proved to be quite limiting since their infection can occur during pre-harvest and harvest. Given their endophytic nature, disinfection and post-harvest treatments are difficult to carry out, despite the fact that this type of risk can be reduced by performing an adequate ripening process (control of temperature and relative humidity) to avoid proliferation of opportunistic organisms in fruits at consumption ripeness [24,49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Hass Avocado Fruit Rejection in Preharvest, Harvest, and Packinghouse: Economic Losses and Associated Variables

2019

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The areas planted with avocado in Colombia have increased to position this fruit in international markets. To achieve this goal, the offered fruits need to meet optimal production standards. The aim of this study was to identify the main physiopathologies and damages that may cause the rejection of avocado cv. Hass fruits for export purposes during pre-harvest, harvest, and processing in packinghouses, and quantify the economic impact of said exclusion criteria. Typological characterization and quantification of damages that may cause fruit rejection were performed at the laboratory, field, and packinghouses. Data were obtained from 136 Colombian productive plots with monitoring and data collection records for a minimum of five years. At the packinghouse level, data associated with factors that affect quality (both, those identified at packing plants and those detected in simulated shipments) were considered. The main causes of fruit rejection during pre-harvest and harvest were: low calibers, damage to the epidermis by insect pests from the subfamily Melolonthidae, thrips, mites, the bug Monalonion, overripe fruits, and sunburn damage. In addition, pathologies such as anthracnose and stem end rot, and problems associated with browning of vascular bundles, irregular ripening, chilling injury, and lenticel damage were highly limiting at packinghouses. The economic analysis identified losses of 5.78 and 5.68% in farms and packinghouses, respectively, which are equivalent to US dollar (USD) 80.29 per produced ton. This work generated information that allows prioritizing strategies to improve fruit quality and reduce economic impact.

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“…Alternaria pimpriana causative agent of Alternaria blight characterized by leaf spots, sterm lesion and fruit rot was first implicated by Rao [10]. Colletotrichum coccodes cause anthracnose in fruits and vegetables [11].…”

Section: Fungalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Actinomycetes from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizosphere for Antifungal Activity

Osaro-Matthew

Ire

Frank-Peterside

2020

JAMB

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Aim: The present study was carried out to isolate actinomycetes from rhizospheric soil of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale and evaluate their antifungal potential. Methods: Actinomycetes were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of two Zingiberaceae plants (Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale), using four different culture media. Isolates were screened for antifungal activity using dual culture technique against two reference strains Colletotrichum coccodes (DSM 2492) and Alternaria pimpriana (DSM 62023). The most potent strain was identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and the bioactive components of the strain were identified using GC-MS chromatography. Results: Fifteen strains of actinomycetes were isolated, SCA (starch casein agar) was found best for cultivation of actinomycetes. The 15 strains were grouped into three genera Norcadia 8(54%), Streptomyces 5(33%) and Janibacter 2(13%) based on morphological, biochemical and physiological identification. Among the 15 isolates 6(40%) strains showed activity against either of the test organisms, while 1(6.7%) was active against the both test organisms. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the potent isolates as Janibacter sp. strain RC18. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 20 compounds with 10 identified as potent antimicrobial metabolites. Conclusion: This study has revealed that rhizosphere of ginger and turmeric harbours rare actinomycetes that are valuable tool for sustainable agriculture.

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Epidemiology, pathology and identification of Colletotrichum including a novel species associated with avocado (Persea americana) anthracnose in Israel

Cited by 110 publications

References 54 publications

The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East

The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East

Causes of Hass Avocado Fruit Rejection in Preharvest, Harvest, and Packinghouse: Economic Losses and Associated Variables

Screening of Actinomycetes from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizosphere for Antifungal Activity

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