Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Outcome of Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Infections in Pediatric Allogeneic and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients

Yeung, Tsz Wing; Chan, Wilson Y K; Wong, Sally Cheuk Ying; Lee, Pamela; Cheuk, Dkl; Leung, Wing

doi:10.1182/blood-2022-168397

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“…The majority of the allogeneic transplant recipients (69/74, 93.2%) had infections after HSCT, among which bacterial, viral and fungal infection rate was 35.1%, 90.5% and 9.5% respectively. On the contrary, only 30.8% (8/26) of autologous transplant recipients had infections, and their respective rate of bacterial, viral, and fungal infection was 19.2%, 15.4%, and 3.8% 35 . In our cohort, the cumulative incidence of infection was 27.5% in the earlier period and 24.3% in the most recent period.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

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Improvement of survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and trends at a pediatric transplantation center; a three‐decade journey

Sezgin,

Öner,

İnan

et al. 2024

Pediatric Transplantation

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BackgroundAdvances in stem cell transplantation have resulted in improved outcomes.MethodsThis is a retrospective study aimed to analyze changes in patient profile, transplantation, graft characteristics, and outcome among 241 pediatric patients who received stem cell transplantation in a single center between 1993 and 2019.ResultsIn the 2010–2019, compared with the 1993–2009 period, a significantly higher 5‐year overall survival (60% vs. 44%, p = .022) and an event‐free survival (53% vs. 34%, p = .025) were observed. Cumulative incidence of deaths due to relapse or progression between the 1993–2009 and 2010–2019 periods were 33% and 26% respectively (p = .66). Cumulative incidence of non‐relapse mortality was significantly higher during the 1993–2009 period compared with the 2010–2019 period for malignant diseases (57.7% vs. 28.3%, p = .007). The overall survival from acute graft‐versus‐host disease between 1993 and 2009 was 11% versus 46% between 2010 and 2019 (p = .0001). The overall survival from infection in both eras did not show any difference (p = .41).ConclusionsDevelopment in transplantation technology has led to a decrease in non‐relapse mortality and better control of graft‐versus‐host disease. However, relapse and infection remained as major causes of death. Studies evaluating institutional trends in patients undergoing HSCT and analyzing their mortality profile, can improve the management of patients, leading to a reduction in transplant‐related problems.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after HSCT. 35 In our cohort, the cumulative incidence of infection was 27.5% in the earlier period and 24.3% in the most recent period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%