Epidemiology, Screening, and Clinical Staging

A Few Words about Kidney Cancer

“…Kidney cancer among adults includes malignant tumors arising from the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis, but the differential of a renal mass should also include benign tumors and inflammatory causes [6]. Tumors arising from the renal pelvis are mostly of the urothelial cell type and comprise less than 10% of kidney carcinomas.…”

Renal cell carcinoma, part 1

“…Besides exposure to certain medications and chemicals, diet, lifestyle, and overall health can affect a person' s risk for developing RCC. 1,2,[7][8][9] A diet high in calories, protein (particularly red meat), and processed foods correlates with abnormally high triglyceride and cholesterol levels and increases the risk of RCC. High consumption of processed meats and sugar promotes inflammation and sodium retention.…”

“…1 In the US, the incidence is 21 per 100,000 men and 11 per 100,000 women, representing the sixth and eighth most common malignancies in men and women, respectively. 1,2 According to the American Cancer Society, about 76,080 new cases of kidney cancer (48,780 in men and 27,300 in women) will be diagnosed in 2021, and about 13,780 people will die from this disease. 3 Sometimes referred to as renal cell adenocarcinoma or hypernephroma, RCC accounts for at least 85% of all renal malignancies and occurs more often than benign renal masses.…”

“…3 The incidence of RCC is highest in North America, Australia, and Europe, and lowest in India, Japan, Africa, and China. 1,2,4 Morbidity and mortality associated with RCC is higher for Black Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanics than for White patients, which is likely related to socioeconomic stressors, disparities in access to healthcare, and comorbidities. 1,4,5 Pathophysiology RCC encompasses a group of malignancies that originate in the Abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) encompasses a group of malignancies that originate in the epithelium of the renal cortex, most often in the upper pole of the kidney.…”

“…1,2,4 Morbidity and mortality associated with RCC is higher for Black Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanics than for White patients, which is likely related to socioeconomic stressors, disparities in access to healthcare, and comorbidities. 1,4,5 Pathophysiology RCC encompasses a group of malignancies that originate in the Abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) encompasses a group of malignancies that originate in the epithelium of the renal cortex, most often in the upper pole of the kidney. This article, the first of a three-part series on RCC, addresses the incidence and epidemiology of RCC along with its genetic alterations, risk factors, histologic characteristics, and imaging characteristics.…”