Epidemiology: the current burden of tuberculosis and its determinants

Verstraeten, Rita; Cossa, Marta; Martinez, Leonardo; Nelson, Kristin; Nguenha, Dinis; García-Basteiro, Alberto L.

doi:10.1183/2312508x.10023922

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…4 Instances of PrTB and epididymitis have been documented following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder tumors. 1 Additional comorbidities such as diabetes, immunosuppressive drug use, as well as smoking and alcohol consumption contribute to the epidemic spread of tuberculosis. 1 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Additional comorbidities such as diabetes, immunosuppressive drug use, as well as smoking and alcohol consumption contribute to the epidemic spread of tuberculosis. 1 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tuberculosis (TB) is reasserting its position as the primary cause of death from a single infection, surpassing COVID-19, with an incidence rate of 134 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and an estimated mortality of 1.6 million deaths annually. 1 Globally, 30–40 % of tuberculosis cases are extrapulmonary, rising to 50 % in endemic regions. 2 Despite this prevalence, prostate tuberculosis (PrTB) remains a rare and poorly understood entity, leading to diagnostic and therapeutic delays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolated prostate tuberculosis: A rare condition

Bellouki,

Boughaleb,

Soufiani

et al. 2024

Urology Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Additional comorbidities such as diabetes, immunosuppressive drug use, as well as smoking and alcohol consumption contribute to the epidemic spread of tuberculosis. 1 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Isolated prostate tuberculosis: A rare condition

Bellouki,

Boughaleb,

Soufiani

et al. 2024

Urology Case Reports

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“…By 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic, TB was globally the most common cause of death caused by a single infectious agent, ahead of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), and in 2022, after the decline in mortality from SARS-CoV-2 disease, it returned to the first place (1). After more than a decade of declining mortality from tuberculosis, there was an increase in the estimated number of deaths from this cause in 2020 and 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis caused Do roku 2019, przed pandemią COVID-19, gruźlica była globalnie najczęstszą przyczyną zgonów wywołanych przez pojedynczy czynnik zakaźny, przed HIV (ang. human immunodeficiency virus) i w roku 2022, po spadku umieralności z powodu choroby wywołanej przez SARS-CoV-2, stała się nią na powrót (1). Po trwającym ponad dekadę stopniowym zmniejszaniu się umieralności z powodu gruźlicy, w 2020 i 2021 roku nastąpił wzrost szacowanej liczby zgonów z przyczyny tej choroby.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tuberculosis in Poland in 2021

Korzeniewska- Koseła,

Wesołowski

2024

Przegl Epidemiol

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AIM OF THE STUDY. To evaluate the main features of epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in 2021 in Poland and to compare with the situation in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Analysis of case-based data on TB patients from National TB Register, data on anti-TB drug susceptibility in cases notified in 2021, data from Statistics Poland on deaths from tuberculosis in 2020, data from National Institute of Public Health NIH – National Research Institute (NIPH NIH – NRI) on HIV-positive subjects for whom TB was an AIDS-defining disease, data from the report „European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, WHO Regional Office for Europe. Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2022 – 2021 data. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe and Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2022.” RESULTS. In 2021, 3704 TB cases were reported in Poland. The incidence rate was 9.7 cases per 100,000 with large variability between voivodeships from 5.4 to 12.6 per 100,000. A decrease in the incidence with respect to 2020 was found in 8 voivodeships, the most significant in lubuskie voivodship (42.6%). The number of all pulmonary tuberculosis cases was 3,553 i.e. 9.3 per 100,000. Pulmonary cases represented 95.9% of all TB cases. In 2021, 151 extrapulmonary TB cases were notified (4.1% of all TB cases). Pulmonary tuberculosis was bacteriologically confirmed in 2,970 cases (83.6% of all pulmonary TB cases, the incidence rate 7.8 per 100,000). The number of smear-positive pulmonary TB cases was 2,085 i.e. 5.5 per 100,000 (58.7% of all pulmonary TB cases). In 2021, there were 54 cases (25 of foreign origin) with multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) representing 1.9% of cases with known drug sensitivity. The incidence rates of tuberculosis were growing along with the age group from 0.6 per 100,000 among children (0-14 years) to 15.8 per 100,000 among subjects in the age group 45-64 years, the incidence rate in the age group ≥65 years was 11.7 per 100,000. There were 37 cases in children up to 14 years of age (1.0% of the total) and 51 cases in adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age – rates 0.6 and 2.8 per 100,000 respectively. In 2021, there were 2,690 cases of tuberculosis in men and 1,014 in women. The TB incidence in men – 14.6 per 100,000 was almost 3.0 times higher than among women – 5.1. The biggest difference in the TB incidence between the two sex groups occurred in persons aged 55-59 years, 30.5 vs. 6.6 and in age group 60 to 64 years, 26.0 vs. 5.7. In 2021, there were 132 patients of foreign origin among all cases of tuberculosis in Poland (3.6%). In 2020, TB was the cause of death for 474 people (mortality rate – 1.2 per 100,000). CONCLUSIONS. The incidence of tuberculosis in Poland in 2021 was 10.2% higher than in 2020. The percentage of tuberculosis cases with bacteriological confirmation was 82.6%, higher than the average in EU/EEA countries (72.0%). The percentage of MDR-TB cases was lower than the average in EU/EEA countries (1.9% vs. 3.8%). The highest incidence rates are found in Poland in the older age groups (in EU/EEA countries in people aged 25 to 44). The percentage of children up to 14 years of age among the total number of TB patients was 1.0%, the average in the EU/EEA countries was 3.5%. The incidence of tuberculosis in men was nearly three times higher than in women in Poland. The impact of migration on the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Poland in 2021 was smaller than in the EU/EEA countries (in Poland, the percentage of foreigners among all TB patients was 3.6 vs. 33.8% in the EU/EEA).

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Identifying risk factors for recurrent multidrug resistant tuberculosis based on patient’s record data from 2016 to 2021: retrospective study

Wotale,

Lelisho,

Negasa

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Globally, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been increasing recently. This is a major public health concern, as MDR-TB is more difficult to treat and has poorer outcomes compared to drug-sensitive tuberculosis. The main objective of the study was to identify risk factors for recurrent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, at Alert Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, by using different parametric shared frailty models. From January 2016 to December 2021, a retrospective study was conducted on MDR-TB patients at Alert Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa. The data for the study were collected from the medical records of MDR-TB patients at the hospital during this time period. Gamma and inverse-Gaussian shared frailty models were used to analyze the dataset, with the exponential, Weibull, and lognormal distributions included as baseline hazard functions. The data were analyzed using R statistical software. The median recurrence time of the patients was 12 months, and 149 (34.3%) had recurrences. The clustering effect was statistically significant for multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis patients’ recurrence. According to the Weibull-Inverse-Gaussian model, factors that reduced time to MDR-TB recurrence included lower weight (ɸ = 0.944), smoking (ɸ = 0.045), alcohol use (ɸ = 0.631), hemoptysis (ɸ = 0.041), pneumonia (ɸ = 0.564), previous anti-TB treatment (ɸ = 0.106), rural residence (ɸ = 0.163), and chronic diseases like diabetes (ɸ = 0.442) were associated with faster recurrence. While, higher education (ɸ = 3.525) and age (ɸ = 1.021) extended time to recurrence. For weight increment, smokers and alcohol users, clinical complications of hemoptysis and pneumonia, patients with pulmonary disease who had a history of previous anti-TB treatment, and being rural residents are prognostic factors. There was a significant clustering effect at the Alert Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The Weibull-Inverse Gaussian Shared Frailty Model was chosen as the best model for predicting the time to recurrence of MDR-TB.

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Epidemiology: the current burden of tuberculosis and its determinants

Abstract: ERSpublicationsGlobal advances in reducing TB burden have been halted or reversed by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, with major effects on TB diagnosis and treatment. There is a need for renewed efforts to invert and accelerate the decline of TB figures. https://bit.ly/ERSM101

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

Isolated prostate tuberculosis: A rare condition

Isolated prostate tuberculosis: A rare condition

Tuberculosis in Poland in 2021

Identifying risk factors for recurrent multidrug resistant tuberculosis based on patient’s record data from 2016 to 2021: retrospective study

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