Epidemiology, Zoonotic Aspect and Current Epidemiological Situation of Q Fever in Poland

Niemczuk, Krzysztof; Szymańska-Czerwińska, Monika

doi:10.5772/35930

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…38 Long-term antibiotic therapy and cardiac surgery are recommended in order to treat chronic Q fever infection depending on the particular condition of each patient. 39 New generation antibiotics are being applied in clinical trials. 40,41 In some paediatric cases, gamma-interferon is the treatment of choice.…”

Section: Treatment and Prophylaxis: Is It Enough?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Q fever in Beef Cattle in Queensland, Australia: Historical Context, Present Scenario and Future Perspectives

Acharya¹

2015

JDVAR

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The intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii is a dual pathogen of domestic ruminants and humans. Outbreaks of infection in cattle may have public health implications for the resident population of regional and rural Queensland, home to the Australian beef industry. The ensuing disease, so-called Q fever, causes abortion in livestock, and, if transmitted to humans by inhalation of aerosols, either a mild yet debilitating acute flu-like illness or, rarely, chronic life-threating respiratory complications. The recent recognition of high seroprevalence rates in putatively low-risk communities has compounded a growing concern over inadequate implementation of effective disease control measures. Concurrently, in order to meet increasing present and future consumer demands for high-quality beef, cattle farmers are seekingoptimized reproductive performance and rapid weight gain. In vitro fertilization of elite animals is considered to represent the best option to introduce such highly desirable genetic traits into commercial cattle herds. In so doing, resistance to C. Burnetii infection may similarly be engineered in cattle by the advancement of genome editing technology.

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Section: Treatment and Prophylaxis: Is It Enough?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Q fever in Beef Cattle in Queensland, Australia: Historical Context, Present Scenario and Future Perspectives

Acharya¹

2015

JDVAR

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“…Based on the structural variation in lipopolysaccharide (LP), two antigenic “phases” of the organism viz., phase I (virulent) and phase II (avirulent), exist ( 4 ). C. burnetii infection has been reported in humans, animals (both wild and domestic), and ticks ( 1 , 5 , 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Molecular Evidence of Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels of Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Coxiellosis is a zoonosis in animals caused by Coxiella burnetii. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 920 (591 female and 329 male) randomly selected camels (Camelus dromedarius) of different age groups from 13 districts representative of the three different ecological zones in the Province Punjab, Pakistan to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis. The blood samples were collected and tested for anti-C. burnetti antibodies using indirect multispecies ELISA. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of C. burnetii DNA to determine the prevalence in heparinized blood pools. Out of 920 investigated camels, anti-C. burnetii antibodies were detected in 288 samples (31.3%) (95% CI: 28.3–34.4%). The highest (78.6%) and lowest (1.8%) seroprevalence were detected in Rahimyar Khan (southern Punjab) and in Jhang (central Punjab), respectively. Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity of the Q fever in camels included desert area (42.5%; OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.12–3.21) summer season (35.7%; OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.31–3.2), sex (female) (39.1; OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.34–2.98), tick infestation (51.3%;OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.34–3.02), age (>10 years; 46.4%; OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.33–2.05) and herd size (38.5%; OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.76–1.54). Coxiella burnetii DNA was amplified in 12 (20%) and 1 (10%) of 60 ELISA-negative and 10 suspected camels, respectively. DNA could not be detected in ELISA positive blood pools. This study emphasizes the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of coxiellosis as well as its potential to spill over to animals and humans in contact with these camel herds.

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Seroprevalence of Q Fever (Coxiellosis) in Small Ruminants of Two Districts in Punjab, Pakistan

Zahid

Hussain

Saqib

et al. 2016

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Coxiellosis caused by Coxiella burnetii is a cosmopolitan zoonosis, which causes significant losses through abortions and stillbirths in small ruminants. A cross-sectional seroprevalence study was conducted in two major sheep and goat farming districts of Punjab (Layyah and Muzaffargarh), Pakistan. In total, 542 small ruminants (271 sheep and goats each) of both sexes (60 males and 482 females) of different age groups from 104 flocks (52 flocks of either species) were randomly selected for the collection of sera and related epidemiological information. The sampling plan was devised at the expected prevalence of 50%, confidence interval (CI) of 95%, and error margin of 5%. A commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA; ID Vet) was used to test the samples for the presence of both phase I and II antibodies. A high herd level prevalence (73.1%, 95% CI 63.5-81.3) was recorded in the studied districts. Individual level seroprevalence was recorded as 30.8% (95% CI 26.9-34.9). Higher value was recorded in females (32%) when compared with males (21.7%). Higher prevalence (34.8%, 95% CI 21.4-50.2) was observed in animals of 1 year (nulliparous) than to primiparous (24.8%, 95% CI 17.4-33.5) and multiparous (32.3%, 95% CI 27.6-37.3) animals. Univariable analysis indicated that caprine species (odds ratio [OR] 1.96, p = 0.22), females (OR = 1.70, p = 0.104), infestation with ticks (OR = 234.39, p < 0.001), abortion history (OR 1.96, p = 0.14), retention of fetal membranes (OR 1.50, p = 0.35), keeping a single breed in a herd (OR 1.50, p = 0.56), and mixed feeding management (OR 1.37, p = 0.33) were the variables found associated with high prevalence of antibodies to C. burnetii. The study indicates that seroprevalence of coxiellosis was high in the studied small ruminant population and further studies are required to discern its epidemiology more precisely.

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Epidemiology, Zoonotic Aspect and Current Epidemiological Situation of Q Fever in Poland

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Treatment of Q fever in Beef Cattle in Queensland, Australia: Historical Context, Present Scenario and Future Perspectives

Treatment of Q fever in Beef Cattle in Queensland, Australia: Historical Context, Present Scenario and Future Perspectives

Seroprevalence and Molecular Evidence of Coxiella burnetii in Dromedary Camels of Pakistan

Seroprevalence of Q Fever (Coxiellosis) in Small Ruminants of Two Districts in Punjab, Pakistan

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