Epidermis effects on spectral properties of leaves of four herbaceous species

Zhu, Lin; Ehleringer, James R.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1983.tb06576.x

Cited by 61 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It corroborates Lin and Ehleringer (1983), who stated that the non-glandular trichomes work in light reflection. Additionally, Sandquist and Ehleringer (1997) state that the non-glandular trichomes reduce the transpiration rate, either by the increase in solar radiation reflection, which reduces the temperature, or by the thickness of the air layer trapped above the leaf, which works as barrier to water loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Leaf anatomy of Qualea parviflora (Vochysiaceae) in three phytophysiognomies of the Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Ariano

Silva

2016

Acta Amaz.

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Leaves have a variety of morphological and anatomical characters mainly influenced by climatic, edaphic and biotic factors. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical leaf traits of Qualea parviflora from three phytophysiognomies. The studied phytophysiognomies were Amazon Savannah on rocky outcrops (ASR), Transition Rupestrian Cerrado (TRC), and Cerradão (CDA). Freehand sections of the leaf blade were made and stained with 0.5% astra blue and with basic fuchsin. From the adaxial and abaxial leaf surface, freehand paradermal sections were made for epidermis analysis. The Jeffrey´s method, with modifications, was used in the epidermis dissociation process. The samples from the TRC phytophysiognomy had relatively smaller ordinary epidermal cells, higher abundance of trichomes, and mesophyll with few intercellular spaces, in comparison to the other phytophysiognomies. The leaves from the ASR phytophysiognomy had higher stomatal index (SI = 21.02), and five to six layers of sclerenchyma surrounding the midrib vascular bundle. The secondary vascular bundles had thicker cell walls and the bundle sheath extended up to the epidermal tissue of both leaf sides. Leaves from the CDA phytophysiognomy had mesomorphic environmental traits, such as a thinner cuticle. It is concluded that trees from ASR and TRC phytophysiognomies have xeromorphic traits following the environmental conditions where they occur. KEYWORDS: Adaptations, Amazon, Cerrado, Environmental conditions. Anatomia foliar de Qualea parviflora (Vochysiaceae) em três fitofisionomias do Estado Mato Grosso, Brasil RESUMOAs folhas são órgãos vegetativos que expressam uma variedade de características morfológicas e anatômicas influenciadas, principalmente, por fatores climáticos, edáficos e bióticos. O presente estudo objetivou levantar as características anatômicas das folhas de Qualea parviflora Mart. presente em três fitofisionomias: Savana Amazônica sobre afloramentos rochosos (SAR), Cerrado Rupestre de Transição (CRT) e Cerradão (CDA). Os cortes anatômicos foram realizados a mão livre e corados com azul de astra e fucsina básica 0,5%. Para a dissociação das epidermes, foi utilizado o método de Jeffrey modificado. As amostras da fitofisionomia de CRT apresentaram células epidérmicas comuns relativamente menores, maior quantidade de tricomas e mesofilo com poucos espaços intercelulares em relação as demais fitofisionomias. As amostras da fitofisionomia de SAR apresentaram maior índice estomático (IE: 21,05), maior quantidade de esclerênquima envolvendo o feixe vascular da nervura central (5 a 6 camadas), feixes vasculares secundários com células de paredes mais espessadas, com bainha que se estende até as células epidérmicas em ambas as faces. As amostras da fitofisionomia de CDA apresentaram caracteres de ambientes mesomórficos, como cutícula mais delgada. Pôde-se concluir que os espécimes que ocorrem em SAR e CRT apresentaram características xeromórficas que estão relacionados ao ambiente de ocorrência.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Leaf anatomy of Qualea parviflora (Vochysiaceae) in three phytophysiognomies of the Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Ariano

Silva

2016

Acta Amaz.

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“…The results presented here indicate that near-infrared leaf reflectance at 800 nm (NIRR) could be predicted accurately using an equation incorporating three parameters of leaf structure: (1) A mes /A, (2) the presence or absence of leaf bicoloration, and (3) the presence or absence of a leaf cuticle thicker than 1 m. A positive correlation between each of these parameters and NIRR was expected, based on previous evidence that they all may enhance reflectance of solar radiation from the adaxial leaf surface (e.g., Ehleringer, 1981;Lin and Ehleringer, 1983;DeLucia et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, leaf pubescence in the desert species, Encelia farinosa and Brickelia incana, has been shown to increase NIR reflectance by up to 10% (Ehleringer, 1981), and epicuticular waxes on the leaf surface have also been shown to enhance NIR reflectance by 5-20% in the conifer tree Picea pungens and the succulent rosette Dudleya brittonii (Reicosky and Hanover, 1978;Mulroy, 1979). Thicker leaf cuticles may also lead to greater leaf reflectance of solar radiation (Gates, 1970) and removal of the lower epidermis of a bicolored leaf (abaxial surface a lighter shade of green than adaxial) reduced NIR reflectance from the adaxial leaf surface by up to 15% (Lin and Ehleringer, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating near‐infrared leaf reflectance from leaf structural characteristics

Slaton

Hunt

Smith

2001

American J of Botany

356

157

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The relationship between near-infrared reflectance at 800 nm (NIRR) from leaves and characteristics of leaf structure known to affect photosynthesis was investigated in 48 species of alpine angiosperms. This wavelength was selected to discriminate the effects of leaf structure vs. chemical or water content on leaf reflectance. A quantitative model was first constructed correlating NIRR with leaf structural characteristics for six species, and then validated using all 48 species. Among the structural characteristics tested in the reflectance model were leaf trichome density, the presence or absence of both leaf bicoloration and a thick leaf cuticle (Ͼ1 m), leaf thickness, the ratio of palisade mesophyll to spongy mesophyll thickness (PM/SM), the proportion of the mesophyll occupied by intercellular air spaces (%IAS), and the ratio of mesophyll cell surface area exposed to IAS (A mes ) per unit leaf surface area (A), or A mes /A. Multiple regression analysis showed that measured NIRR was highly correlated with A mes /A, leaf bicoloration, and the presence of a thick leaf cuticle (r 2 ϭ 0.93). In contrast, correlations between NIRR and leaf trichome density, leaf thickness, the PM/SM ratio, or %IAS were relatively weak (r 2 Ͻ 0.25). A model incorporating A mes /A, leaf bicoloration, and cuticle thickness predicted NIRR accurately for 48 species (r 2 ϭ 0.43; P Ͻ 0.01) and may be useful for linking remotely sensed data to plant structure and function.

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“…Palisade tissue facilitates the penetration of direct light that, if not absorbed, passes into the spongy mesophyll, where its direction of travel is randomized by light scattering (54,105 reaches the abaxial epidermis encounters additional reflecting boundaries (63,72). Light propagation within a bifacial leaf is coordinated by the epidermis, palisade, and spongy mesophyll layers.…”

Section: Functional Interaction Of Tissue Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%