Epididymal Dirofilariasis in a Child: First Case Report from Bulgaria

Velev, Valeri; Pelov, Teofil; Garev, Tzvetomir; Peev, S.; Kaftandjiev, Iskren; Harizanov, Rumen

doi:10.1159/000494619

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The patients were 11 to 74 years of age, 12 female and 6 male, only one patient was a child – an 11-year-old boy with epididymal dirofilariasis. This is the first reported case of a child affected by dirofilariasis in Bulgaria (Velev et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Human dirofilariasis in Bulgaria between 2009 and 2018

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAutochthonous Dirofilaria repens infections have been found in dogs and other carnivores in most European countries. In the same countries, reports of human dirofilariasis are becoming increasingly prevalent. We present 18 cases of people infected with D. repens for a 10-year period traced in our hospital. The data was collected from the observations and tests of all 18 patients from the whole country treated at the Specialized Hospital for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Sofia in the period 2009 – 2018. We used a morphological method, serology test and Knott’s method for microfilariae. The patients were 11 to 74 years of age, 12 female and 6 male. In most cases, patients have subcutaneous nodules or face, eyelid and eyes localization. The trend of increasing incidence in Bulgaria continues, with age and sex distribution and localization of the larva being similar to those in other European countries.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Human dirofilariasis in Bulgaria between 2009 and 2018

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The search yielded 20 case reports, with six including children (median age: 11 years, range: 11 months to 13 years). 5 6 7 8 9 10…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search yielded 20 case reports, with six including children (median age: 11 years, range: 11 months to 13 years). [5][6][7][8][9][10] In the majority of cases, the pathology developed over time, commonly presenting as a solid or cystic mass. Only a few cases presented acutely, mimicking acute scrotum, testicular torsion, or incarcerated inguinal hernia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dirofilaria repens in a Pediatric Patient—First Case Report from Switzerland

Rose,

Kleitsch,

Born

et al. 2023

European J Pediatr Surg Rep.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the first case of Dirofilaria repens in a 4-year-old male patient in Switzerland. The disease is a vector-borne parasitic infection that is not endemic to Switzerland. A 4-year-old male presented with a tender mass in the left groin. The patient was taken to the operating room for surgical exploration to rule out a pathology that could be harmful to the spermatic cord. A node was found along the spermatic cord and excised. Histopathology and microbiology studies revealed the diagnosis of Dirofilaria repens.Even though Switzerland is not endemic to Dirofilaria repens, the diagnosis of a parasitic infection should be considered in patients presenting with subcutaneous nodules in correlation with a travel history to endemic areas. The treatment consists of complete excision of the affected tissue.

show abstract

“…Previous autochthonous cases of D. repens in humans have been described in Poland (Cielecka et al 2012 ), Italy (Pampiglione et al 2001 ), nine countries of the Balkan Peninsula (Tasić-Otašević et al 2015 ), Hungary (Dóczi et al 2015 ) and Slovakia (Babal et al 2008 ; Boldiš et al 2020 ). More recently, between 2017 and 2022, single cases of human D. repens infections were reported again from the Balkan area, in Serbia (Krstic et al 2017 ), Croatia (Skrinjar et al 2022 ), Bulgaria (Velev et al 2019 ) and Romania (Ciuca et al 2018 ), and further cases from Greece (Bozidis et al 2021 ) and Italy (Ahmed et al 2022 ), Interestingly, also in Austria, overall 39 human cases of dirofilariosis were identified between 1978 and 2020, with a general increasing course since 1998 (Riebenbauer et al 2021 ). In addition, single human cases were reported from south-eastern France (Hennocq et al 2020 ) and Germany (Uslu et al 2017 ), confirming a north- and westwards trend in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated specific antibody-based true sero-prevalences of canine filariosis in dogs in Central Europe and the UK

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dirofilariosis is a vector-borne disease mainly caused by Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. In contrast to the known endemicity of dirofilariosis in southern and south-eastern Europe, information on the distribution of D. repens in Central-Europe is fragmentary. We tested 8877 serum samples from dogs from Austria, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Switzerland and the UK using an ELISA detecting filarial-specific antibodies, hypothesising higher occurrence of D. repens. Based on two overlapping frequency distributions, presumed negative samples had a mean optical density (OD) value of 0.097, representing 97.45% of all samples. Presumed positive samples, representing 2.55% of all sera, had a mean OD value of 0.287. Test prevalence based on the calculated cut-off was 3.51% for all sera (4.36% for Austria, 1.94% for Denmark, 1.39% for Germany, 3.37% for Italy, 6.90% for Lithuania, 6.99% for Poland, 0.77% for Switzerland and 0.0% for the UK, respectively). The bimodal distribution, representing overlapping distributions of OD values from positive and negative dogs, enabled the assignment of a probability of true infection status to each dog. Mean probabilities of true infection status across groups, based on the postal codes of origin, allowed us to estimate and map true prevalences. For all countries, except the UK, the true prevalence was lower than the test prevalence. The large number of serum samples and the use of a non-gold standard analytical method allowed us to create a more realistic picture of the distribution of D. repens in Central Europe and the UK.

show abstract

Epididymal Dirofilariasis in a Child: First Case Report from Bulgaria

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Human dirofilariasis in Bulgaria between 2009 and 2018

Human dirofilariasis in Bulgaria between 2009 and 2018

Dirofilaria repens in a Pediatric Patient—First Case Report from Switzerland

Estimated specific antibody-based true sero-prevalences of canine filariosis in dogs in Central Europe and the UK

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About