Epidural Fat-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell: First Report of Epidural Fat-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell

Abstract

Study Design Experimental study. Purpose To determine whether epidural fat (EF) tissue contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Overview of Literature Spine surgeons are unaware of the contents of EF tissue and the reason for its presence between the ligamentum flavum and the dura mater; therefore, EF tissues are routinely eliminated during surgical procedures. However, EF removal causes certain postoperative problems, such as post-laminectomy syndrome. We hypothesized that the EF tissue may play a significant supportive role for the neural structures and other nearby conditions. Methods EF tissues were obtained from consenting patients (n=3) during posterior decompression surgery of the lumbar spine. The primary cells were isolated and cultured as per previously described methods with some modifications, and the cell morphology and cumulation were examined. Thereafter, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, and differentiation potency for differentiation into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and adipocytes were investigated to identify whether the cells derived from EF are MSC. Results The cells from the EF tissue had a fibroblast or neuron-like morphology that persisted until the senescence at p18. MSC-specific genes, such as OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC , and GAPDH were expressed in the RT-PCR study, while MSC-specific surface markers such as CD105, CD90, and CD73 were exhibited in the FACS analysis. The differentiation properties of EF-MSC for differentiation into the three types of cells (osteoblast, chondroblast, and adipocyte) were also confirmed. Conclusions Based on the cell culture, FACS analysis, RT-PCR analysis, and differentiation potent outcomes, all the features of the cells corresponded to MSC. This is the first study to identify EF-MSC derived from the EF tissue.

The impact of posterior epidural adipose tissue on postoperative outcomes after posterior decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis: A prospectively randomized non-inferiority trial

“…From an experimental study, we found the existence of MSC within the epidural fat, and we called that as EF-MSC, the outcome of which was published at an international peer-reviewed journal. 26 Moreover, we confirmed that EF-MSC differed markedly from MSC from other fat tissues, in terms of cell isolation and proliferation, characterization, differentiation potential, and especially expression of neuronal markers and neurogenic differentiation, results of which will be presented soon.…”

Enhancing the Wound Healing Effect of Conditioned Medium Collected from Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Passage Number Using Bioreducible Nanoparticles

“…As the number of passages increases, the morphology of the hMSCs becomes more bipolar and VEGF expression decreases compared to that in the low passage number hMSCs [26,27]. Figure 3A shows that high passage number hMSCs (P12) were bipolar and more elongated as compared to the low passage number hMSCs (P6).…”

Comparisons of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Epidural Fat-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Fibroblast Cells

“…These include inflammatory diseases, and related studies have been continuously reported [ 10 ]. MSCs can be isolated from diverse tissues, such as umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, muscle, and adipose tissue [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In particular, various studies have been reported on the characteristics and therapeutic effects of adipose tissue-derived MSCs [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

“…In particular, various studies have been reported on the characteristics and therapeutic effects of adipose tissue-derived MSCs [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. MSCs have also been isolated from epidural adipose tissue with reports of therapeutic effects [ 11 , 16 ]. Although MSCs have a variety of effects on tissue repair and meaningful therapeutic effects in the treatment of various diseases, due to several limitations of MSCs, new therapeutic strategies are required to treat additional disease and cells, [ 17 ].…”