Epidural ropivacaine or sufentanil–ropivacaine infusions for post-thoracotomy pain☆

Abstract

The continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine with sufentanil provided superior pain relief than ropivacaine alone without causing any severe side effect or post-operative pulmonary impairment.

A randomised controlled study of the post-operative analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided pectoral nerve block in the first 24 h after modified radical mastectomy

“…Acute post-operative pain causes impairment of respiratory mechanics and gas exchange and presents a challenge for the anaesthesiologist. [ 3 ] Poorly controlled pain in the acute phase may also lead to the development of chronic pain syndrome. [ 4 5 ]…”

Opioid-free postoperative analgesia compared to traditional analgesia after thoracic surgery: scoping review

“…In the selection process, eight articles were excluded due to inadequate comparators or incomplete data. Thus, 12 articles were included in this scoping review [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . The reference list of the included articles was analyzed to identify relevant articles, but no new articles were included in this process (Figure 1).…”

“…Length of analgesia was evaluated in all included articles [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . The results were favorable to the group without an opioid in six articles 15,18,[20][21][22][23][24] .…”

Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with tramadol and lornoxicam after thoracotomy

“…The synergistic effects could reduce the total amount of each drug needed, resulting in fewer unwanted side effects. [10,22]…”