2021
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133210
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Epigenetic Deregulation of Apoptosis in Cancers

Abstract: Cancer cells possess the ability to evade apoptosis. Genetic alterations through mutations in key genes of the apoptotic signaling pathway represent a major adaptive mechanism of apoptosis evasion. In parallel, epigenetic changes via aberrant modifications of DNA and histones to regulate the expression of pro- and antiapoptotic signal mediators represent a major complementary mechanism in apoptosis regulation and therapy response. Most epigenetic changes are governed by the activity of chromatin modifying enzy… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(26 citation statements)
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References 276 publications
(311 reference statements)
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“…In tumor cells, CpG islands at proapoptotic gene promoters are mostly hypermethylated due to methyltransferase (DNMT) overexpression (Roll et al, 2008). Hypermethylation blocks both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis by modulating the expression of major players of cell death cascade, as previously reviewed elsewhere (Elmallah and Micheau, 2019;Ozyerli-Goknar and Bagci-Onder, 2021). However, the expression of DNMT was found to be downregulated in SnCs although they harbour some features of the tumor epigenome (Cruickshanks et al, 2013).…”
Section: Epigenetic Regulationmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…In tumor cells, CpG islands at proapoptotic gene promoters are mostly hypermethylated due to methyltransferase (DNMT) overexpression (Roll et al, 2008). Hypermethylation blocks both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis by modulating the expression of major players of cell death cascade, as previously reviewed elsewhere (Elmallah and Micheau, 2019;Ozyerli-Goknar and Bagci-Onder, 2021). However, the expression of DNMT was found to be downregulated in SnCs although they harbour some features of the tumor epigenome (Cruickshanks et al, 2013).…”
Section: Epigenetic Regulationmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that TRIM65 was closely related to carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Multiple factors including oncogene or tumor suppressors, metabolism, autophagic flux, epigenetic mechanism and promoter methylation occur frequently in cancer progression ( 34 36 ). Particularly, autophagy manipulation is an important co-factor of several HPV-derived malignancies including cervical cancer ( 10 , 37 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The interaction of Fas ligand (FasL), TNF- related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and TNF-α with their receptors induces the initiation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway; consequently, Fas-associating protein with a novel death domain (FADD)-mediated caspase-8 activation activates caspase-8 to activate caspase-3, -6, and -7, which induce cell apoptosis. Additionally, caspase-8 processes truncated Bid and is then involved in the Bcl-2 family pathway ( Ozyerli-Goknar and Bagci-Onder, 2021 ). The intrinsic pathway, also called the mitochondrial pathway, can activate cytokine deprivation, intracellular damage, and oncogenes; subsequently, proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins receive signals, leading to the release of cytochrome C from the mitochondria.…”
Section: Oncogenic Signaling Pathways Regulated By H19 In Cancermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The intrinsic pathway, also called the mitochondrial pathway, can activate cytokine deprivation, intracellular damage, and oncogenes; subsequently, proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins receive signals, leading to the release of cytochrome C from the mitochondria. The released cytochrome C triggers apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (APAF-1)-mediated activation of caspase-9, which leads to cell apoptosis by activating caspase-3, -6, and -7 ( Strasser et al, 1995 ; Ozyerli-Goknar and Bagci-Onder, 2021 ). Increasing evidence has shown that H19, as an oncogene, induces cancer cell apoptosis.…”
Section: Oncogenic Signaling Pathways Regulated By H19 In Cancermentioning
confidence: 99%