Epigenetic inactivation of <i>IRX4</i> is responsible for acceleration of cell growth in human pancreatic cancer

Chakma, Kanchan; Gu, Zhaodi; Abudurexiti, Yakefujiang; Hata, Tatsuo; Motoi, Fuyuhiko; Unno, Michiaki; Horii, Akira; Fukushige, Shinichi

doi:10.1111/cas.14644

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…It was also observed that the promoter region of IRX4 was frequently and specifically hypermethylated in pancreatic primary tumors. Moreover, the re-expression of IRX4 in pancreatic cancer cell lines was able to inhibit colony formation and cell proliferation [ 69 ].…”

Section: Iroquois Family Genes In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Iroquois Family Genes in Gastric Carcinogenesis: A Comprehensive Review

Santos

Petrone

Binato

et al. 2023

Genes

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Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide, accounting for 768,793 related deaths and 1,089,103 new cases in 2020. Despite diagnostic advances, GC is often detected in late stages. Through a systematic literature search, this study focuses on the associations between the Iroquois gene family and GC. Accumulating evidence indicates that Iroquois genes are involved in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. To date, information about Iroquois genes in GC is very limited. In recent years, the expression and function of Iroquois genes examined in different models have suggested that they play important roles in cell and cancer biology, since they were identified to be related to important signaling pathways, such as wingless, hedgehog, mitogen-activated proteins, fibroblast growth factor, TGFβ, and the PI3K/Akt and NF-kB pathways. In cancer, depending on the tumor, Iroquois genes can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. However, in GC, they seem to mostly act as tumor suppressor genes and can be regulated by several mechanisms, including methylation, microRNAs and important GC-related pathogens. In this review, we provide an up-to-date review of the current knowledge regarding Iroquois family genes in GC.

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Section: Iroquois Family Genes In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Iroquois Family Genes in Gastric Carcinogenesis: A Comprehensive Review

Santos

Petrone

Binato

et al. 2023

Genes

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“…Promotion of IRX3 signaling or inhibition of IRX5 signaling may be a pathway for differentiation therapy in nephroblastoma (11). Epigenetic inactivation of IRX4 accelerates the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells (12). IRX5 plays an important role in VSMC G1/S phase cell cycle checkpoint control and apoptosis (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profile, prognostic values, and immune infiltration of IRX family members in lung adenocarcinoma

Feng

Zhang

Wan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The iroquois homologous homeobox (IRX) gene family may be involved in the development of a variety of tumors. However, comprehensive analysis of IRX family members in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has rarely been reported. Methods From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), LUAD samples were extracted. The roles of IRXs were comprehensively analyzed using Kaplan–Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, and R software (version 3.6.3). Results The expression of IRX1/2/3/6 was significantly lower in LUAD compared to normal lung tissue, while the expression of IRX4 was significantly higher in LUAD compared to normal lung tissue. The expression of IRX was associated with T stage, number_pack_years_smoked, N stage, gender, primary treatment outcome, and smokers. In LUAD, IRX2 downregulation was an independent factor that contributes to poor prognosis. Expression of multiple IRX genes showed some diagnostic biomarker values for LUAD. IRX genes were key players mediating the development and progression of LUAD through multiple pathways, including ras signaling pathway, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-ganglio series, inositol phosphate metabolism, metabolic pathways, and pertussis. There was a significant association between immune infiltration and IRX genes. Conclusions The IRX family may represent novel prognostic biomarkers, as well as immunotherapeutic targets for LUAD.

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