Epigenetic Modification of PD-1/PD-L1-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy against Melanoma

Nanamori, Hikaru; Sawada, Yu

doi:10.3390/ijms23031119

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Such sites comprise a cytosine nucleotide followed by a guanine nucleotide in a linear sequence from the 5′ to the 3′ direction of the DNA region. DNA methylation essentially acts to silence targeted gene expression [ 35 ]. As CpG islands are often observed in gene promoter sites, DNA methylation is a powerful transcriptional modulation mechanism in various diseases [ 36 ].…”

Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of S100a2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of S100A2 in Human Diseases

Sugino

Sawada

2022

Diagnostics

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S100 proteins are a family of low-molecular-weight proteins characterized by two calcium-binding sites with a helix-loop-helix (“EF-hand-type”) domain. The S100 family of proteins is distributed across various organs and can interact with diverse molecules. Among the proteins of the S100 family, S100 calcium-binding protein A2 (S100A2) has been identified in mammary epithelial cells, glands, lungs, kidneys, and prostate gland, exhibiting various physiological and pathological actions in human disorders, such as inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. In this review, we introduce basic knowledge regarding S100A2 regulatory mechanisms. Although S100A2 is a tumor suppressor, we describe the various influences of S100A2 on cancer and inflammatory diseases.

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Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of S100a2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of S100A2 in Human Diseases

Sugino

Sawada

2022

Diagnostics

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“…However, due to the restrictive strategy associated with several medications, a novel technique is particularly needed (Feoktistova and Panayotova-Dimitrova, 2017). Surgery, radiation treatment (Kalekhan et al, 2022), immunotherapy (Nanamori and Sawada, 2022), systematic therapy, and antibody therapy (Esnault et al, 2022) are among some of the therapeutic interventions for malignant melanoma. In addition, because of the specific delivery of therapeutic components, nanotechnology-based approaches have emerged as promising strategies in melanoma treatment (Portugal et al, 2021).…”

Section: Skin Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethosomes and their monotonous effects on Skin cancer disruption

Shinde

Page

Bhattacharya

2023

Front. Nanotechnol.

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Skin cancer is one of the most prominent diseases, affecting all continents worldwide, and has shown a significant rise in mortality and prevalence. Conventional therapy, including chemotherapy and surgery, has a few drawbacks. The ethosomal systems would be thoroughly reviewed in this compilation, and they would be classified based on constituents: classical ethosomes, binary ethosomes, and transethosomes. Ethosomes systems are model lipid vesicular carriers with a substantial portion of ethanol. The impacts of ethosomal system components, preparation techniques, and their major roles in selecting the final characteristics of these nanocarriers are comprehensively reviewed in this chapter. The special techniques for ethosomes, including the cold approach, hot approach, injection method, mechanical dispersion method, and conventional method, are explained in this chapter. Various evaluation parameters of ethosomes were also explained. Furthermore, ethosomal gels, patches, and creams can be emphasised as innovative pharmaceutical drug formulations. Some hybrid ethosomal vesicles possessing combinatorial cancer therapy using nanomedicine could overcome the current drug resistance of specific cancer cells. Through the use of repurpose therapy, phytoconstituents may be delivered more effectively. A wide range of in vivo models are employed to assess their effectiveness. Ethosomes have provided numerous potential skin cancer therapeutic approaches in the future.

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“…Surgical and non-surgical treatments such as topical therapies are mostly carried out for skin cancer lesions [ 51 ]. Depending on the cancer progression stage, skin cancers can be treated by surgery [ 52 ], immunotherapy [ 53 ], cryosurgery [ 54 ], laser therapy [ 55 ], curettage, desiccation [ 56 ], dermabrasion [ 57 ], targeted therapy, photodynamic therapy [ 58 ], chemotherapy and radiotherapy [ 59 ]. Commonly used medications against melanoma include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, Efudex), Imiquimod, Resiquimod, Ingenol mebutate, Diclofenac, cisplatin, etc.…”

Section: Skin Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulations upon Hydrogel-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems in Skin Cancers—An Overview

Mathiyalagan

Valappil

Yang

et al. 2022

Gels

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The incidence of skin cancer has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly in Caucasian populations. Specifically, the metastatic melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers and is responsible for more than 80% of skin cancer deaths around the globe. Though there are many treatment techniques, and drugs have been used to cure this belligerent skin cancer, the side effects and reduced bioavailability of drug in the targeted area makes it difficult to eradicate. In addition, cellular metabolic pathways are controlled by the skin cancer driver genes, and mutations in these genes promote tumor progression. Consequently, the MAPK (RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK pathway), WNT and PI3K signaling pathways are found to be important molecular regulators in melanoma development. Even though hydrogels have turned out to be a promising drug delivery system in skin cancer treatment, the regulations at the molecular level have not been reported. Thus, we aimed to decipher the molecular pathways of hydrogel drug delivery systems for skin cancer in this review. Special attention has been paid to the hydrogel systems that deliver drugs to regulate MAPK, PI3K–AKT–mTOR, JAK–STAT and cGAS-STING pathways. These signaling pathways can be molecular drivers of skin cancers and possible potential targets for the further research on treatment of skin cancers.

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Epigenetic Modification of PD-1/PD-L1-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy against Melanoma

Cited by 14 publications

References 146 publications

Influence of S100A2 in Human Diseases

Influence of S100A2 in Human Diseases

Ethosomes and their monotonous effects on Skin cancer disruption

Gene Regulations upon Hydrogel-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems in Skin Cancers—An Overview

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