Epigenetic modifications and targeted therapy in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy resulting from the genetic alterations and epigenetic dysregulations of the hematopoietic progenitor cells. One-third of children with AML remain at risk of relapse even though outcomes have improved in recent decades. Epigenetic dysregulations have been identified to play a significant role during myeloid leukemogenesis. In contrast to genetic changes, epigenetic modifications are typically reversible, opening the door to the development of epigenetic targeted therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the landscape of epigenetic alterations and describe the current progress that has been made in epigenetic targeted therapy, and pay close attention to the potential value of epigenetic abnormalities in the precision and combinational therapy of pediatric AML.

Polycomb Alterations in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: From Structure to Function

“…AML is an important example of epigenetic disruption in cancers, and epitherapies are a promising avenue for AMLs with resistance toward conventional therapies [ 22 , 54 , 55 ]. BET protein inhibitors were recently identified as targetable vulnerabilities for PRC2-depleted T-ALL in adults [ 56 ].…”