Epigenetic regulation of Newborns’ imprinted genes related to gestational growth: patterning by parental race/ethnicity and maternal socioeconomic status

King, Katherine E.; Murphy, Susan K.; Hoyo, Cathrine

doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204781

Cited by 74 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Results of the relationship between maternal socioeconomic status and infants' methylation age demonstrate that SES was negatively and significantly associated with methylation age at birth ( r s = −0.48, P s = 0.005). Findings from King et al [32] suggest that epigenetics may relate the lower maternal socioeconomic status to adverse obstetrical outcomes (i.e., low birth weight) and even adult-onset chronic diseases and conditions (i.e., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers). Therefore, further studies are needed to explore epigenome responses to environment of our human society, laying great emphasis on the importance of early-life experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant’s DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators

Javed

Chen

Lin

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Knowing the biological age of the neonates enables us to evaluate and better understand the health and maturity comprehensively. However, because of dearth of biomarkers, it is difficult to quantify the neonatal biological age. Here we sought to quantify and assess the variability in biological age at birth and to better understand how the aging rates before birth are influenced by exposure in intrauterine period by employing a novel epigenetic biomarker of aging (epigenetic clock). We observed that the methylation age at birth was independent of the infant's sex but was significantly influenced by race. Partial correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between maternal socioeconomic status and infants' methylation age (r s = −0.48, P s = 0.005). A significant association with the risk of fast aging was observed for prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke with OR (95% CI) of 3.17 (1.05–9.56). Both estimated cell abundance measures and lymphocyte subpopulations in cord blood showed that tobacco exposed group exhibit an altered T cell compartment, specifically substantial loss of naive T cells. Present study provides the first evidence that common perinatal exposure (such as maternal smoking and lower socioeconomic status) may be important aging accelerators and substantial loss of naive T cells may play a role in the smoking-related fast aging phenomenon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant’s DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators

Javed

Chen

Lin

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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“…31 Psychosocial pathways and early lifetime physical disadvantages, for example, low birth weight, 8 resulting in epigenetic modifications, may offer further explanations. 32 Strengths of our study include a reliable diagnosis of stroke not only depending on self-reported stroke, hospital discharge data, or stroke mortality as in some previous studies, 6,[8][9][10][11][12]14 and subgroup analyses of stroke pathogenesis. Furthermore, we assessed a wide range of items characterizing socioeconomic status particularly in childhood, in contrast to previous studies that had relied on one parameter only, mainly paternal or parental profession, 10,12,13,15,16 sometimes also on educational attainment, 6,14 number of siblings, 9 or housing conditions.…”

Section: Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Conditions in Childhood, Adolescence, and Adulthood and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke

Becher

Palm

Aigner

et al. 2016

Stroke

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There is a strong inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and stroke incidence and mortality both between and within populations worldwide.1 In a recent meta-analysis of 17 studies, a low socioeconomic status was associated with a 1.67 times increased risk of stroke (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46-1.91).2 Differences in the prevalence and severity of vascular risk factors may partly, but not completely, explain such increased stroke risk among lower socioeconomic groups. [1][2][3][4][5] Most likely, there is a cumulative effect of negative socioeconomically driven influences during different life stages. Within such a life-course perspective, there is evidence that socioeconomic conditions during childhood may play an independent and important role regarding stroke risk in later life. Geographic associations between childhood mortality in the early 20th century and later stroke mortality and associations between birth weight and cardiovascular diseases point to infantile conditions being risk factors for stroke and cardiovascular diseases.6-8 Several but not all cohort 6,9-15 and case-control studies [16][17][18] described an inverse relationship between childhood conditions and risk of stroke that was independent of adulthood socioeconomic conditions. However, the understanding of the role of the socioeconomic status during different life stages as stroke risk factor remains incomplete. We performed a case-control study to investigate socioeconomic, genetic, and infectious risk factors for stroke and their interdependence. Here, we report on the hypothesis that adverse socioeconomic conditions in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood each independently contribute to the risk of first-ever ischemic stroke. We particularly focused on living conditions, parental status, and other elements of childhood socioeconomic conditions and assessed their role regarding the risk of adulthood ischemic stroke. MethodsWithin the target population of individuals aged 18 to 80 years living in the city of Ludwigshafen a.Rh. in South-West Germany, the Background and Purpose-The association between socioeconomic status in adulthood and the risk of stroke is well established; however, the independent effects of socioeconomic conditions in different life phases are less understood. Methods-Within a population-based stroke registry, we performed a case-control study with 470 ischemic stroke patients (cases) aged 18 to 80 years and 809 age-and sex-matched stroke-free controls, randomly selected from the population (study period October 2007 to April 2012). We assessed socioeconomic conditions in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, and developed a socioeconomic risk score for each life period. Results-Socioeconomic conditions were less favorable in cases regarding paternal profession, living conditions and estimated family income in childhood, school degree, and vocational training in adolescence, last profession, marital status and periods of unemployment in adulthood. Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaInclusion criteria ...

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“…There are racial differences in the epigenetic profiles of newborns, 28 including in regions associated with growth and obesity. 29 Recent studies suggest that mode of delivery is associated with different methylation patterns in infants. 17,18 If epigenetic changes that are associated with delivery mode vary by race in a way that influences weight and/or growth, this could also explain the race-specific association of CS on risk of obesity.…”

Section: Race C-section and Childhood Obesity -Cassidy Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 There are racial differences in epigenetic patterns (ie, DNA methylation) present at birth, 28 including racial differences in methylation at regions known to impact growth and obesity risk. 29 Epigenetic changes in cord blood DNA are associated with body size in childhood. 30 There is growing evidence that mode of delivery is associated with epigenetic changes in the both the placenta and the infant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race-Specific Association of Caesarean-Section Delivery with Body Size at Age 2 Years

et al. 2016

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Objectives: African American children are at higher risk of obesity than White children and African American women are more likely to undergo caesarean-section (CS) delivery than White women. CS is associated with childhood obesity, however, little is known whether this relationship varies by race.We examined if the association of CS with obesity at age 2 years varied by race. Design: Longitudinal birth cohort.Setting: Birth cohort conducted in a health care system in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan with follow-up at age 2 years.Participants: 639 birth cohort participants; 367 children (57.4%) were born to African American mothers and 230 (36.0%) children were born via CS.Main Outcome Measure: Obesity defined as body mass index ≥95th percentile at age 2 years.Results: Slightly more children of African American (n=37; 10.1%) than non-African American mothers (n=18; 6.6%) were obese (P=.12). There was evidence of effect modification between race and delivery mode with obesity at age 2 years (interaction P=.020). In children of African-American mothers, CS compared to vaginal birth was associated with a significantly higher odds of obesity (aOR=2.35 (95% CI: 1.16, 4.77), P=.017). In contrast, delivery mode was not associated with obesity at age 2 years in children of non-African-American mothers (aOR=.47 (95% CI: .13, 1.71), P=.25). Conclusions: There is evidence for a race-specific effect of CS on obesity at age 2 years; potential underlying mechanisms may be racial differences in the developing gut microbiome or in epigenetic programming. Future research is needed to determine if this racial difference persists into later childhood. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(1):61-68; doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.61

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Epigenetic regulation of Newborns’ imprinted genes related to gestational growth: patterning by parental race/ethnicity and maternal socioeconomic status

Cited by 74 publications

References 73 publications

Infant’s DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators

Infant’s DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators

Socioeconomic Conditions in Childhood, Adolescence, and Adulthood and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke

Race-Specific Association of Caesarean-Section Delivery with Body Size at Age 2 Years

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