Epigenetic-related therapeutic challenges in cardiovascular disease

Schiano, Concetta; Vietri, Maria Teresa; Grimaldi, Vincenzo; Picascia, Antonietta; Pascale, Maria Rosaria; Napoli, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.tips.2015.02.005

Cited by 96 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…3,4 These alterations in chromatin, which do not result from changes in DNA sequence, involve DNA methylation, RNA-based mechanisms and histone variants, and posttranslational modification, such as acetylation, methylation, or phosphorylation. Epigenetic modifications taking place in endothelial cells have been elegantly reviewed in a recent mini-series.…”

Section: Endothelial Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelium

Boulanger

2016

ATVB

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Section: Endothelial Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelium

Boulanger

2016

ATVB

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“…Epigenetic control is one of the main regulatory systems contributing to phenotypic diferences between cell types in multicellular organisms. Epigenetic changes may explain why subjects with similar genetic backgrounds and risk factors for particular diseases can difer greatly in clinical manifestation and therapeutic response [18]. It has been reported that epigenetic mechanisms play a critical role in regulating endothelial gene expression [19].…”

Section: Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The central role that lncRNAs play in heart development is only slowly being recognised [18]. Besides, understanding the function of these molecules in CVD is even further away.…”

Section: Long Non-coding Rnas (Lncrnas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenesis and Cardiovascular Diseases: The Emerging Role of HDACs

Moraga¹,

Lao²,

Zeng³

2017

Physiologic and Pathologic Angiogenesis - Signaling Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continue to be the leading cause of death in the world despite recent therapeutic advances. Although many CVDs remain incurable, enormous eforts have been placed in harnessing angiogenesis as therapeutics for these diseases. Epigenetics, the modiication of gene expression post-transcriptionally and post-translationally, are important in regulating many biological processes. One of the main post-translational epigenetic modiications, modiication of chromatin structure by the acetylation of histone tails within the chromatin by either histone deacetylases (HDACs) or histone acetyltransferases (HATs), is important in modulating gene transcription and has emerged as an important regulatory player from pathogenesis to therapeutics in CVDs. Particularly, HDACs, which are largely involved in promoting chromatin compaction and hence inhibitions of gene transcription, have been implicated in the pathogenic signalling underlying many aspects of CVDs. Recently, histone modiications have been demonstrated to play important roles in the angiogenesis process. Pharmacological inhibitions of HDACs have displayed promising therapeutic potentials in several pre-clinical models of CVDs where angiogenesis is of paramount importance. There are many evidences proving that pro-and anti-angiogenic therapies-and the impact of epigenetics in these processes-can help to artiicially reconstruct the vasculature in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Conversely, utilising knowledge of HDACs in angiogenesis might help to develop anti-angiogenic therapies in tackling diseases that are characterised with excessive pathological angiogenesis, including cancer and age-related macular degeneration. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HDACs in modulating angiogenesis will undoubtedly beneit future therapeutics development. This chapter focuses on the emerging role of HDACs in angiogenesis and discuss their potentials and challenges in utilising HDAC inhibitors as therapeutics in several major cardiovascular diseases.

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“…cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, progenitor cells, for environmental challenges and to respond to biochemical stress. It is suggested that dysregulation in epigenetic signals, messengers and molecular targets is a clue for pathological remodeling of heart and vessels, progenitor cell dysfunction, worsening of endogenous repair system, metabolic memory manifestation [31] . It is now becoming evident that cumulative effect of these factors may culminate in HF, cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmia, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis/atherothrombosis, and associates with increased …”

Section: Epigenetics In Failing Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%