Epigenetics and genome stability

Feng, Justina X.; Riddle, Nicole C.

doi:10.1007/s00335-020-09836-2

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 190 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…87 Therefore, DNA repair in nucleosomes is essential for gene regulation, 88 and various DNA repair pathways maintain the genome stability. 89 DNA breaks and the activation of the DNA damage response arise from endogenous replication stress. 90 Octamerbinding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) is essential in embryogenesis and pluripotency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity by reducing Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cells

Jiang

Xing

Chen

et al. 2021

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Circular RNA (CircRNA) is a newly identified special class of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that plays an important regulatory role in the progression of certain diseases. Herein, our results indicate that CircMEG3 is downregulated expression and negatively correlated with the expression of telomerase-related gene Cbf5 in human liver cancer. Moreover, CircMEG3 inhibits the growth of human liver cancer stem cells in vivo and in vitro. CircMEG3 inhibits the expression of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 dependent on HULC. Moreover, CircMEG3 inhibits the expression of Cbf5, a component of telomere synthetase H/ACA ribonucleoprotein (RNP; catalyst RNA pseudouracil modification) through METTL3 dependent on HULC. Thereby, CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity and shortens telomere lifespan dependent on HULC and Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cell. Strikingly, increased Cbf5 abrogates the ability of CircMEG3 to inhibit malignant differentiation of human liver cancer stem cells. In summary, these observations provide important basic information for finding effective liver cancer therapeutic targets.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity by reducing Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cells

Jiang

Xing

Chen

et al. 2021

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…DNA compacted into heterochromatic and euchromatic regions of the genome possesses different epigenetic information [62] and can also be subject to different levels of DNA repair. Certain DNA repair mechanisms, such as the DNA mismatch or nucleotide excision repair pathways, operate differently in heterochromatic and euchromatic regions [63,64].…”

Section: (A) Histone Proteins Affect Dna Mutationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of epigenetic information on genome evolution

Goodisman

2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epigenetic information affects gene function by interacting with chromatin, while not changing the DNA sequence itself. However, it has become apparent that the interactions between epigenetic information and chromatin can, in fact, indirectly lead to DNA mutations and ultimately influence genome evolution. This review evaluates the ways in which epigenetic information affects genome sequence and evolution. We discuss how DNA methylation has strong and pervasive effects on DNA sequence evolution in eukaryotic organisms. We also review how the physical interactions arising from the connections between histone proteins and DNA affect DNA mutation and repair. We then discuss how a variety of epigenetic mechanisms exert substantial effects on genome evolution by suppressing the movement of transposable elements. Finally, we examine how genome expansion through gene duplication is also partially controlled by epigenetic information. Overall, we conclude that epigenetic information has widespread indirect effects on DNA sequences in eukaryotes and represents a potent cause and constraint of genome evolution. This article is part of the theme issue ‘How does epigenetics influence the course of evolution?’

show abstract

“…The modifications are heritable and reversible and ultimately affect a broad range of processes, extending from the regulation of individual genes to the spatial genome organization in cell nuclei [ 1 ]. They also have an important role in controlling the activity of transposable elements (TEs) and genome integrity [ 2 ]. The targets of epigenetic modifications include DNA, which can be methylated, histones, which can be modified in many different ways, and noncoding RNA [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also have an important role in controlling the activity of transposable elements (TEs) and genome integrity [ 2 ]. The targets of epigenetic modifications include DNA, which can be methylated, histones, which can be modified in many different ways, and noncoding RNA [ 1 , 2 ]. The methylation of DNA involves the addition of a methyl group (-CH 3 ) to the cytosine base, usually at the fifth position, forming 5′-methylcytosine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Distribution of Recombinant Plant Chromosome Fragments in a Human–Arabidopsis Hybrid Cell Line

Liaw

Liu

Teo

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Methylation systems have been conserved during the divergence of plants and animals, although they are regulated by different pathways and enzymes. However, studies on the interactions of the epigenomes among evolutionarily distant organisms are lacking. To address this, we studied the epigenetic modification and gene expression of plant chromosome fragments (~30 Mb) in a human–Arabidopsis hybrid cell line. The whole-genome bisulfite sequencing results demonstrated that recombinant Arabidopsis DNA could retain its plant CG methylation levels even without functional plant methyltransferases, indicating that plant DNA methylation states can be maintained even in a different genomic background. The differential methylation analysis showed that the Arabidopsis DNA was undermethylated in the centromeric region and repetitive elements. Several Arabidopsis genes were still expressed, whereas the expression patterns were not related to the gene function. We concluded that the plant DNA did not maintain the original plant epigenomic landscapes and was under the control of the human genome. This study showed how two diverging genomes can coexist and provided insights into epigenetic modifications and their impact on the regulation of gene expressions between plant and animal genomes.

show abstract

Epigenetics and genome stability

Cited by 25 publications

References 190 publications

CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity by reducing Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cells

CircMEG3 inhibits telomerase activity by reducing Cbf5 in human liver cancer stem cells

The impact of epigenetic information on genome evolution

Epigenetic Distribution of Recombinant Plant Chromosome Fragments in a Human–Arabidopsis Hybrid Cell Line

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About