2013
DOI: 10.1007/s13311-013-0227-0
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Epigenetics, Autism Spectrum, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Abstract: Epigenetic marks are modifications of DNA and histones. They are considered to be permanent within a single cell during development, and are heritable across cell division. Programming of neurons through epigenetic mechanisms is believed to be critical in neural development. Disruption or alteration in this process causes an array of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Recent studies have provided evidence for an altered epigenetic landscape in ASDs and demonstrated the ce… Show more

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Cited by 100 publications
(70 citation statements)
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References 156 publications
(175 reference statements)
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“…Unlike the rapid onset of changes in behavior during fever in ASD, responses to sulforaphane in this study appeared over several weeks. This finding suggests that sulforaphane may cause increases in gene transcription in multiple underperforming cell-signaling pathways (34,35). Sulforaphane may be only one of several small molecules that will ameliorate deficiencies that lead to abnormal functioning in the whole organism.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unlike the rapid onset of changes in behavior during fever in ASD, responses to sulforaphane in this study appeared over several weeks. This finding suggests that sulforaphane may cause increases in gene transcription in multiple underperforming cell-signaling pathways (34,35). Sulforaphane may be only one of several small molecules that will ameliorate deficiencies that lead to abnormal functioning in the whole organism.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many of the genes linked to the ASDs actually encode proteins that are involved in transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling (Abrahams and Geschwind, 2008;Rangasamy et al, 2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are neurodevelopmental disorders in which epigenetic dysregulation plays an important role (autism spectrum disorders, Rett syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Kabuki syndrome [21][22][23]. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common monogenic form of developmental cognitive impairment with "dynamic" mutations of a CGG repeat in the 5'UTR of the FMR1 gene which is inactivated by DNA methylation and histone deacetylation [24].…”
Section: Brain Disordersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Altered DNA methylation patterns may account for phenotypic changes associated with human aging. Brain region-specific expression of genes can be epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation [18] and brain aging might be influenced by epigenetic changes in the neuronal microenvironment [19,20].There are neurodevelopmental disorders in which epigenetic dysregulation plays an important role (autism spectrum disorders, Rett syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Kabuki syndrome [21][22][23]. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common monogenic form of developmental cognitive impairment with "dynamic" mutations of a CGG repeat in the 5'UTR of the FMR1 gene which is inactivated by DNA methylation and histone deacetylation [24].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%