Epigenetics, endometriosis and sex steroid receptors: An update on the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of estrogen and progesterone receptors in patients with endometriosis

For many diseases, and cancer in particular, early diagnosis allows a wider range of therapies and a better disease management. This has led to improvements in diagnostic procedures, most often based on tissue biopsies or blood samples. Other biological fluids have been used to diagnose disease, and among them saliva offers a number of advantages because it can be collected non-invasively from large populations at relatively low cost. To what extent might saliva content reveal the presence of a tumour located at a distance from the oral cavity and the molecular information obtained from saliva be used to establish a diagnosis are current questions. This review focuses primarily on the content of saliva and shows how it potentially offers a source of diagnosis, possibly at an early stage, for pathologies such as cancers or endometriosis.

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Pathogenesis of Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Cancers

Adilbayeva,

Kunz

2024

IJMS

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Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent, chronic inflammatory condition that affects 5–10% of reproductive-aged women. It is a complex disorder characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, which can cause chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Despite its prevalence, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease remain poorly understood. Current treatment options are limited and focus mainly on suppressing lesion activity rather than eliminating it entirely. Although endometriosis is generally considered a benign condition, substantial evidence suggests that it increases the risk of developing specific subtypes of ovarian cancer. The discovery of cancer driver mutations in endometriotic lesions indicates that endometriosis may share molecular pathways with cancer. Moreover, the application of single-cell and spatial genomics, along with the development of organoid models, has started to illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying disease etiology. This review aims to summarize the key genetic mutations and alterations that drive the development and progression of endometriosis to malignancy. We also review the significant recent advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of the disorder, as well as novel approaches and in vitro models that offer new avenues for improving our understanding of disease pathology and for developing new targeted therapies.

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Epigenetics, endometriosis and sex steroid receptors: An update on the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of estrogen and progesterone receptors in patients with endometriosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 77 publications

Therapeutic effects of Huayu Jiedu formula on endometriosis via downregulating GATA 6 expression

Therapeutic effects of Huayu Jiedu formula on endometriosis via downregulating GATA 6 expression

Saliva, a molecular reflection of the human body? Implications for diagnosis and treatment

Pathogenesis of Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Cancers

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