Epigenetics, Plant (Poly)phenolics, and Cancer Prevention

Gerhäuser, Clarissa

doi:10.1002/9781118329634.ch6

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 218 publications

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“…Genistein (4′,5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone, Figure 1), found in soy products, has effects on miRNAs in various cancer cells (77). Breast cancer cell growth is inhibited by the induction of miR-23b and inhibition of miR-155 by 25–175 μM of genistein treatment (78, 79).…”

Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer

et al. 2019

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Natural compounds are highly effective anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, and the targets of plant-derived anticancer agents have been widely reported. In this review, we focus on the main signaling pathways of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis that are regulated by polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, and polysaccharides. Alkaloids primarily affect apoptosis-related pathways, while polysaccharides primarily target pathways related to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Other compounds, such as flavonoids and saponins, affect all of these aspects. The association between compound structures and signaling pathways may play a critical role in drug discovery.

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Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer

et al. 2019

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“…Polyphenols from various sources, including green tea, black raspberries (BRBs), red wine, coffee, apples, isoflavones from soya, curcumin from curry and others, have been reported to affect epigenetic mechanisms in vitro in enzymatic reactions and in cell culture (reviewed in [ 26 , 27 , 65 ]). Studies in animal models for cancer prevention or dietary interventions in humans are limited.…”

Section: Impact Of Microbial Metabolites On the Epigenomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…GTCs have been repeatedly reported to prevent prostate cancer in ‘TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate’ (TRAMP) mice (summary in [ 65 ]). Morey Kinney et al .…”

Section: Impact Of Microbial Metabolites On the Epigenomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to the modulation of epigenetic mechanisms, green tea catechins (GTCs), with (2)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as the major catechin, represent one of the best investigated groups of polyphenols. In vitro, EGCG was shown to inhibit the activity and expression of DNMTs and to demethylate and re-express genes involved in cell-cycle control (p16, p21), cell signalling (RARb), WNT-signalling (WIF-1), DNA repair (MGMT, hMLH1) and apoptosis (DAPK) (review in [65]). Lee et al suggested that biotransformation of catechins by Phase II metabolic enzymes might influence the activity of epigenetic enzymes.…”

Section: (I) Isoflavones From Soyamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of dietary gut microbial metabolites on the epigenome

Gerhäuser

2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Within the past decade, epigenetic mechanisms and their modulation by natural products have gained increasing interest. Dietary bioactive compounds from various sources, including green tea, soya, fruit and berries, cruciferous vegetables, whole grain foods, fish and others, have been shown to target enzymes involved in epigenetic gene regulation, including DNA methyltransferases, histone acetyltransferases, deacetylases and demethylases in vitro and in cell culture. Also, many dietary agents were shown to alter miRNA expression. In vivo studies in animal models and humans are still limited. Recent research has indicated that the gut microbiota and gut microbial metabolites might be important mediators of diet–epigenome interactions. Inter-individual differences in the gut microbiome might affect release, metabolism and bioavailability of dietary agents and explain variability in response to intervention in human studies. Only a few microbial metabolites, including folate, phenolic acids, S-(−)equol, urolithins, isothiocyanates, and short- and long-chain fatty acids have been tested with respect to their potential to influence epigenetic mechanisms. Considering that a complex mixture of intermediary and microbial metabolites is present in human circulation, a more systematic interdisciplinary investigation of nutri-epigenetic activities and their impact on human health is called for.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Frontiers in epigenetic chemical biology’.

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“…Green tea polyphenols (GTP) with (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as the major catechin belong to the best characterized cancer chemopreventive agents. Tea and tea constituents act by a broad spectrum of anti-carcinogenic activities and were reported first to affect DNA methylation in 2003 (reviewed in [3,5]). EGCG and GTP demonstrate convincing cancer preventive efficacy in animal models (review in [75,76]), including the "Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate" (TRAMP) model [77][78][79][80].…”

Section: Genome-wide Methylome Analyses Performed With Dietary Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling in Dietary Intervention Studies: a User’s Perspective

2015

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Within the past decade, epigenetic mechanisms and their modulation by dietary agents have gained major interest in the cancer prevention and nutrition community. Gene expression is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation, histone tail modifications, and non-coding (micro) RNAs. Given the fact that epigenetic aberrations are reversible and represent potentially initiating events in the development of diseases, they have been identified as promising new targets for prevention strategies. Evidence is accumulating that dietary cancer chemopreventive agents from various sources, including green tea, soy, turmeric, broccoli, and other fruit and vegetables, can modulate DNA methylation, at least in vitro. To facilitate in vivo studies with focus on genomewide modulation of DNA methylation, we here give an overview on current affinity enrichment-and bisulfite treatmentbased methodologies for methylation profiling that might be useful for rodent models and human intervention studies. We also summarize genome-wide methylome analyses performed with dietary agents in vitro and in vivo and conclude with some practical considerations for the design of future dietary intervention studies.

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Epigenetics, Plant (Poly)phenolics, and Cancer Prevention

Cited by 5 publications

References 218 publications

Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer

Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer

Impact of dietary gut microbial metabolites on the epigenome

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling in Dietary Intervention Studies: a User’s Perspective

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