Epilepsy and tobacco smoking: a cross-sectional study

Torriani, Omar; Vuilleumier, Frédéric; Perneger, Thomas; Despland, P. A.; Maeder, Malin; Héritier-Barras, Anne-Chantal; Vulliémoz, Serge; Seeck, Margitta; Rossetti, Andrea O.; Picard, Fabienne

doi:10.1007/s00415-016-8228-7

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Smoking has been associated with epilepsy in observational studies. A cross‐sectional study including 429 adults with epilepsy found that the prevalence of current smoking was ~ 13% higher in epilepsy patients compared to the general population with the prevalence of ~ 19% (Torriani et al., 2016). A cohort study with 116 363 women found a positive association between current smoking and risk of seizure, and between past smoking and epilepsy after adjustment for stroke and other potential confounders (Dworetzky et al., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiable risk factors for epilepsy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

2021

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Introduction We conducted a two‐sample Mendelian randomization study to determine the associations of modifiable risk factors with epilepsy. Methods Fourteen potential risk factors for epilepsy were selected based on a systematic review of risk factors for epilepsy. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with each exposure at the genome‐wide significance threshold (p < 5×10–8) were proposed as instrumental variables from corresponding genome‐wide association studies. Summary‐level data for epilepsy were obtained from the FinnGen consortium (4,588 cases and 144 780 noncases). Potential causal associations (p < .05) were attempted for replication using UK Biobank data (901 cases and 395 209 controls). Results Among 14 potential risk factors, 4 showed significant associations with epilepsy in FinnGen. All associations were directionally similar in UK Biobank and associated with epilepsy at p ≤ .004 in meta‐analyses of FinnGen and UK Biobank data. The odds ratios of epilepsy were 1.46 (95% CI, 1.18, 1.82) for one unit increase in log odds ratio of having depression, 1.44 (95% CI, 1.13, 1.85) for one standard deviation increase in serum ferritin, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.04, 1.21) for one standard deviation increase in transferrin saturation, and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09, 1.43) for one standard deviation increase in the prevalence of smoking initiation. There were suggestive associations of serum iron and magnesium with epilepsy. No association was observed for insomnia, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, or serum vitamin B12, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and calcium levels. Conclusion This MR study identified several modifiable risk factors for adulthood epilepsy. Reducing prevalence of depression and smoking initiation should be considered as primary prevention strategies for epilepsy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiable risk factors for epilepsy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

2021

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“…It is also possible that environmental factors or treatment effects may play a role. For example, tobacco smoking increases the risk of various autoimmune disorders and is also more common in epilepsy [32,33]. The high prevalence of seizures in people with MS using baclofen is an example of an resultant mechanism [34].…”

Section: Other Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures as a clinical manifestation in somatic autoimmune disorders

Amanat

Thijs

Salehi

et al. 2019

Seizure

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A B S T R A C TThe risk of epileptic seizures seems increased in several systemic autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto's encephalopathy, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, and bullous pemphigoid. Immune dysfunction may be partly responsible for this association. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, autoantibodies seen in these autoimmune disorders and antibodies against neuronal antigens may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of seizures and epilepsy associated to immune conditions. Other unknown factors, the effect of different co-morbid conditions of epilepsy as well as shared risk factors such as common etiological factors, environmental triggers, or a common genetic predisposition may also explain the association. We review different autoimmune disorders which may present with co-morbid seizures and discuss possible underlying mechanisms of this co-occurrence focusing on a potential role of immune system dysfunction.

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“…Most studies considered the general prevalence rate of smoking in people with epilepsy rather than the effect of smoking [3][4][5][6][7][8] . In several studies the smoking rates in people with epilepsy were always higher than in the general population, with rates ranging from 21.8% to 38.8% [3][4][5][6][7][8] ; the smoking rate in people with epilepsy is also higher than in most other chronic diseases 6 . The smoking rate was even higher in people with drug resistant epilepsy 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking prevalence and seizure control in Chinese males with epilepsy

Gao

Sander

et al. 2017

Epilepsy & Behavior

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Smoking has a negative effect on most diseases, yet it is under-investigated in people with epilepsy; thus its role is not clear in the general population with epilepsy. We performed a retrospective pilot study on males with epilepsy to determine the smoking rate and its relationship with seizure control using univariate analysis to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and also used a multi-variate logistic regression model. The smoking rate in our sample of 278 individuals was 25.5%, which is lower than the general Chinese population smoking rate among males of 52.1%. We used two classifications: the first classified epilepsy as generalized, or by presumed topographic origin (temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital). The second classified the dominant seizure type of an individual as generalized tonic clonic seizure (GTCS), myoclonic seizure (MS), complex partial seizure (CPS), simple partial seizure (SPS), and secondary GTCS (sGTCS). The univariable analysis of satisfactory seizure control profile and smoking rate in both classifications showed a trend towards a beneficial effect of smoking although most were not statistically significant. Considering medication is an important confounding factor that would largely influence seizure control, we also conducted multi-variable analysis for both classifications with drug numbers and dosage. The result of our model also suggested that smoking is a protective factor. Our findings seem to suggest that smoking could have a potential role in seizure control although confounders need exploration particularly in view of the potential long term health effects. Replication in a much larger sample is needed as well as case control studies to elucidate this issue.

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Epilepsy and tobacco smoking: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Modifiable risk factors for epilepsy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

Modifiable risk factors for epilepsy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

Seizures as a clinical manifestation in somatic autoimmune disorders

Smoking prevalence and seizure control in Chinese males with epilepsy

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