Epilepsy in Cowden syndrome: beyond Lhermitte–Duclos disease

Serôdio, Miguel; Calvão-Pires, Pedro; Zhang, Ding; Sá, Francisca

doi:10.1007/s13760-022-02106-9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…), cranial nerve palsies and obstructive hydrocephalus, sometimes associated with other anomalies [24]. Epilepsy is a very rare occurrence in LDD, and while not reliably associated with the cerebellar mass, is linked with other potential epileptogenic lesions correlated with PHTS, such as vascular malformations or focal cortical dysplasia [27].…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar phenotypes in germline PTEN mutation carriers

Gambini,

Ferrero,

Bulfamante

et al. 2024

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

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PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome (PHTS) comprises different hereditary conditions caused by germline PTEN mutations, predisposing to the development of multiple hamartomas in many body tissues and also increasing the risk of some types of cancer.Cerebellar involvement in PHTS patients has been long known due to the development of a pathognomonic cerebellar hamartoma (known as dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum or Lhermitte‐Duclos disease). Recently, a crucial role of the cerebellum has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders, now recognised as a phenotype expressed in a variable percentage of PHTS children. In addition, rare PTEN variants are indeed identified in medulloblastoma as well, even if they are less frequent than other germline gene mutations.The importance of PTEN and its downstream signalling enzymatic pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, has been studied at different levels in both human clinical settings and animal models, not only leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of different disorders but, most importantly, to identify potential targets for specific therapies. In particular, PTEN integrity makes an important contribution to the normal development of tissue architecture in the nervous system, including the cerebellum. Thus, in patients with PTEN germline mutations, the cerebellum is an affected organ that is increasingly recognised in different disorders, whereas, in animal models, cerebellar Pten loss causes a variety of functional and histological alterations.In this review, we summarise the range of cerebellar involvement observed in PHTS and its relationships with germline PTEN mutations, along with the phenotypes expressed by murine models with PTEN deficiency in cerebellar tissue.

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Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%