Epilepsy in neurodegenerative diseases

Neri, Sabrina; Mastroianni, Giovanni; Gardella, Elena; Aguglia, Umberto; Rubboli, Guido

doi:10.1684/epd.2021.1406

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(186 reference statements)

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“…Specifically, the incidence of hippocampus-related degenerative diseases, such as AD and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), is increasing, partly because the hippocampus is susceptible to toxic substances such as excitatory amino acids, resulting in neuronal dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and death (3). Late-onset epilepsy is mostly secondary to brain diseases such as stroke, tumor, and neurodegenerative diseases, and many of them are of unknown etiology (4). In patients older than 65 years, neurodegenerative conditions accounted for ∼10% of all late-onset epilepsy cases, most of which are AD (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical correlation between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy are common nervous system diseases in older adults, and their incidence rates tend to increase with age. Patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease are more prone to have seizures. In patients older than 65 years, neurodegenerative conditions accounted for ~10% of all late-onset epilepsy cases, most of which are Alzheimer's disease. Epilepsy and seizure can occur in the early and late stages of Alzheimer's disease, leading to functional deterioration and behavioral alterations. Seizures promote amyloid-β and tau deposits, leading to neurodegenerative processes. Thus, there is a bi-directional association between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. Epilepsy is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and, in turn, Alzheimer's disease is an independent risk factor for developing epilepsy in old age. Many studies have evaluated the shared pathogenesis and clinical relevance of Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. In this review, we discuss the clinical associations between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy, including their incidence, clinical features, and electroencephalogram abnormalities. Clinical studies of the two disorders in recent years are summarized, and new antiepileptic drugs used for treating Alzheimer's disease are reviewed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical correlation between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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“…The GO biological process and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, performed by the ShinyGO ( , accessed on 15 February 2022, version 0.77) tool, showed that most proteins significantly enriched in established biological processes were involved in the electron transport chain, cellular respiration, cellular respiration, microtubule cytoskeleton organization and protein-containing complex assembly ( Figure 3 B). The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed the identified hub genes as associated with key neurodegenerative (e.g., Huntington’s, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s) diseases often comorbid with epilepsy [ 12 , 13 ]. Interestingly, significant over-enrichment was seen here for the gap junction pathway and temperature regulation ( Figure 3 A).…”

Section: Discussion Of Identified Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forward Genetics-Based Approaches to Understanding the Systems Biology and Molecular Mechanisms of Epilepsy

Shevlyakov

Колесникова

Abreu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Epilepsy is a highly prevalent, severely debilitating neurological disorder characterized by seizures and neuronal hyperactivity due to an imbalanced neurotransmission. As genetic factors play a key role in epilepsy and its treatment, various genetic and genomic technologies continue to dissect the genetic causes of this disorder. However, the exact pathogenesis of epilepsy is not fully understood, necessitating further translational studies of this condition. Here, we applied a computational in silico approach to generate a comprehensive network of molecular pathways involved in epilepsy, based on known human candidate epilepsy genes and their established molecular interactors. Clustering the resulting network identified potential key interactors that may contribute to the development of epilepsy, and revealed functional molecular pathways associated with this disorder, including those related to neuronal hyperactivity, cytoskeletal and mitochondrial function, and metabolism. While traditional antiepileptic drugs often target single mechanisms associated with epilepsy, recent studies suggest targeting downstream pathways as an alternative efficient strategy. However, many potential downstream pathways have not yet been considered as promising targets for antiepileptic treatment. Our study calls for further research into the complexity of molecular mechanisms underlying epilepsy, aiming to develop more effective treatments targeting novel putative downstream pathways of this disorder.

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“…Epilepsy occurs when an abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain leads to transient dysfunction of the CNS. 257 The presence of epilepsy in neurodegenerative diseases is increasingly recognized, 258 and its incidence is still underestimated. In recent years, several studies have established the relationship among exosomes, miRNAs, and epilepsy.…”

Section: Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Pang

et al. 2023

MedComm

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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that are naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They are derived from endosomes and are wrapped in lipid membranes. Exosomes are involved in intracellular metabolism and intercellular communication. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites from the cell microenvironment and cytoplasm. The contents of exosomes can reflect their cells’ origin and allow the observation of tissue changes and cell states under disease conditions. Naturally derived exosomes have specific biomolecules that act as the “fingerprint” of the parent cells, and the contents changed under pathological conditions can be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Exosomes have low immunogenicity, are small in size, and can cross the blood–brain barrier. These characteristics make exosomes unique as engineering carriers. They can incorporate therapeutic drugs and achieve targeted drug delivery. Exosomes as carriers for targeted disease therapy are still in their infancy, but exosome engineering provides a new perspective for cell‐free disease therapy. This review discussed exosomes and their relationship with the occurrence and treatment of some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders were evaluated in this review.

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Epilepsy in neurodegenerative diseases

Cited by 39 publications

References 96 publications

The clinical correlation between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy

The clinical correlation between Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy

Forward Genetics-Based Approaches to Understanding the Systems Biology and Molecular Mechanisms of Epilepsy

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

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