Epinephrine enhances the sensitivity of rat vagal chemosensitive neurons: role of β<sub>3</sub>-adrenoceptor

Gu, Qihai; Lin, Yun‐Sheng; Lee, Lu-Yuan

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01010.2006

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Fiber activity arising from CSLV afferents was recorded in the anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats by using the techniques described in our previous studies (14,(25)(26)(27). In brief, the trachea was cannulated and tracheal pressure was measured via a sideport of the cannula.…”

Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensory neurons innervating the lungs and airways were identified by retrograde labeling from the lungs with the fluorescent tracer 1,1=-dioctadecyl-3,3,3=,3=-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), as described previously (14,18,21). In brief, young male SD rats (ϳ150 g) were anesthetized by aerosolized isoflurane (2% in O2) through a nose cone connected to a vaporizing machine (AM Bickford, New York City, NY).…”

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology was described in detail in our previous studies (14,18,21). Male SD rats were anesthetized with 5% isoflurane and were decapitated.…”

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells were washed or maintained with an extracellular solution in a small-volume (0.2 ml) perfusion chamber at room temperature. The Ca 2ϩ transients were measured in these cells by using a Zeiss digital fluorescence microscope (Axiovert 100; Carl Zeiss, Thornwood, NY) equipped with a variable filter wheel (Sutter Instruments, Novato, CA) and a digital CCD camera (Princeton Instruments, Trenton, NJ), as previously described (14,18). Before the Ca 2ϩ -imaging experiments, cells were incubated with 5 M Fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester for 30 min at 37°C, then rinsed with an extracellular solution, and allowed to deesterify for at least 30 min before use.…”

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Hsu

Lin

Lee

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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-The sensitization of capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal (CSLV) afferents by inflammatory mediators is important in the development of airway hypersensitivity. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is an endogenous mediator inducing hyperalgesia through transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptors located on nociceptors. We conducted this study to determine whether H 2S elevates the sensitivity of rat CSLV afferents. In anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats, the inhalation of aerosolized sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a H2S donor) caused no significant changes in the baseline activity of CSLV afferents. However, the afferent responses to right atrial injection of capsaicin or phenylbiguanide and to lung inflation were all markedly potentiated after NaHS inhalation. By contrast, the inhalation of its vehicle or NaOH (with a similar pH to NaHS) failed to enhance the afferent responses. Additionally, the potentiating effect on the afferent responses was found in rats inhaling L-cysteine (a substrate of H2S synthase) that slowly releases H2S. The potentiating effect of NaHS on the sensitivity of CSLV afferents was completely blocked by pretreatment of HC-030031 (a TRPA1 receptor antagonist) but was unaffected by its vehicle. In isolated rat CSLV neurons, the perfusion of NaHS alone did not influence the intracellular Ca 2ϩ concentration but markedly potentiated the Ca 2ϩ transients evoked by capsaicin. The NaHScaused effect was totally abolished by HC-030031 pretreatment. These results suggest that H2S induces a nonspecific sensitizing effect on CSLV fibers to both chemical and mechanical stimulation in rat lungs, which appears mediated through an action on the TRPA1 receptors expressed on the nerve endings of CSLV afferents. lung; lung vagal C fibers; afferent sensitization; H2S; TRPA1 receptors CAPSAICIN-SENSITIVE LUNG VAGAL (CSLV) afferents are nociceptive-like free nerve endings innervating all levels of the respiratory tract. CSLV afferents can detect several inhaled irritants (22, 25) and inflammatory mediators (16,25,26,39) that might in turn trigger various respiratory reflexes such as cough, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstriction (7,22). The afferents are sensitized by several mediators released because of lung inflammation (2,7,15,27), which might then exaggerate these respiratory reflexes. Therefore, the sensitization of CSLV afferents is probably involved in the pathogenesis of airway hypersensitivity in diseases such as chronic cough and asthma (7, 26, 47).Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), an irritant gas with the smell of rotten eggs, is emitted principally from volcanoes, hot springs, and numerous industrial sites. Lung exposure to H 2 S might lead to adverse respiratory effects, such as cough, airway irritation, airway hypersensitivity, and lung inflammation (16, 37, 41). Therefore, for the past decades, H 2 S was generally considered only an exogenous irritant. However, beginning with a report in 1996, H 2 S was suggested to act as an endogenous neuromodulator facilitating the hippocampal long-term potentiati...

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Section: In Vivo Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology was described in detail in our previous studies (14,18,21). Male SD rats were anesthetized with 5% isoflurane and were decapitated.…”

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Hsu

Lin

Lee

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

Self Cite

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“…To confirm the effects opposite to those of metoprolol and butoxamine, the preparations were superfused with dobutamine (5 mmol l À1 , 25 Sigma) and salbutamol (5 mmol l À1 , 25 Sigma). The duration of each drug superfusion was 4-10 min.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and functions of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors on the bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla

et al. 2014

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The expression and effects of b-adrenergic receptors (b-ARs) on the neurons of the bulbospinal rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) have been limitedly examined to date. The objective of this study was to examine the expression of b 1 -and b 2 -ARs on the bulbospinal RVLM neurons electrophysiologically and histologically. To directly investigate whether RVLM neurons display sensitivity to metoprolol (a b 1 -AR antagonist), dobutamine (a b 1 -AR agonist), butoxamine (a b 2 -AR antagonist), and salbutamol (a b 2 -AR agonist), we examined changes in the membrane potentials of the bulbospinal RVLM neurons using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique during superfusion of these drugs. During metoprolol superfusion, 16 of the 20 RVLM neurons were hyperpolarized, and 5 of the 6 RVLM neurons were depolarized during dobutamine superfusion. During butoxamine superfusion, 11 of the 16 RVLM neurons were depolarized, and all of the 8 RVLM neurons were hyperpolarized during salbutamol superfusion. These results suggest the expression of b 1 -and b 2 -ARs on the RVLM neurons. To determine the presence of b 1 -and b 2 -ARs histologically, immunofluorescence examination was performed. Five metoprolol-hyperpolarized neurons were examined for b 1 -AR and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity. All of the neurons displayed b 1 -AR immunoreactivity, whereas three of the neurons displayed TH immunoreactivity. All of the five RVLM neurons that became depolarized during metoprolol superfusion and hyperpolarized during butoxamine superfusion displayed b 1 -and b 2 -AR immunoreactivity. Our findings suggest that b 1 -AR antagonists or b 2 -AR agonists may decrease blood pressure through decreasing the activity of the bulbospinal RVLM neurons.

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Sensory Nerves and Airway Irritability

Canning¹,

Spina

2009

Sensory Nerves

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The lung, like many other organs, is innervated by a variety of sensory nerves and by nerves of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems that regulate the function of cells within the respiratory tract. Activation of sensory nerves by both mechanical and chemical stimuli elicits a number of defensive reflexes, including cough, altered breathing pattern, and altered autonomic drive, which are important for normal lung homeostasis. However, diseases that afflict the lung are associated with altered reflexes, resulting in a variety of symptoms, including increased cough, dyspnea, airways obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the physiological role of different sensory nerve subtypes that innervate the lung, the factors which lead to their activation, and pharmacological approaches that have been used to interrogate the function of these nerves. This information may potentially facilitate the identification of novel drug targets for the treatment of respiratory disorders such as cough, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Epinephrine enhances the sensitivity of rat vagal chemosensitive neurons: role of β₃-adrenoceptor

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Expression and functions of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors on the bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla

Sensory Nerves and Airway Irritability

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Epinephrine enhances the sensitivity of rat vagal chemosensitive neurons: role of β3-adrenoceptor

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Hydrogen sulfide induces hypersensitivity of rat capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal neurons: role of TRPA1 receptors

Expression and functions of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors on the bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla

Sensory Nerves and Airway Irritability

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Product

Resources

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Epinephrine enhances the sensitivity of rat vagal chemosensitive neurons: role of β₃-adrenoceptor