Episodes of floods in Mangala Valles, Mars, from the analysis of HRSC, MOC and THEMIS images

Basilevsky, A. T.; Neukum, G.; Werner, Stéphanie C.; Dumke, A.; Gasselt, S. van; Kneissl, T.; Zuschneid, W.; Rommel, Daniela; Wendt, L.; Chapman, M. G.; Head, J. W.; Greeley, R.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.07.023

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We generally agree with this hypothesis and augment these interpretations by constraining the sequence of events to include at least seven distinct events or phases. Studies favoring dominantly fluvial processes within Mangala Valles (Zimbelman et al, 1992;Ghatan et al, 2005;Basilevsky et al, 2008) differ from our interpretations in some crucial ways. For instance, volcanic processes, apparent in higher-resolution image data, may better explain some of the features in these studies that were interpreted as produced by fluvial processes.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Workcontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…All elevations discussed are based on gridded MOLA elevation values, and map coordinates use the IAU2000 reference system. Geologic maps from previous work (Chapman et al, 1989a(Chapman et al, ,b,c, 1991Chapman and Tanaka, 1993;Tanaka and Chapman, 1990;Craddock and Greeley, 1994;Zimbelman et al, 1994;Basilevsky et al, 2008) were also used as mapping references. The map units in this study were defined using surface geomorphology alone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7B). Post-lavaemplacement impact craters tend to be accompanied by blocky ejecta, indicative of mechanically resistant bedrock (Basilevsky et al, 2008). The shallow pits observed as part of the Asp3 unit were previously interpreted as thermokarst pits that formed when subsurface ice was exposed and subsequently sublimated during volatile flooding (Chapman and Tanaka, 1993;Levy and Head, 2005).…”

Section: Evidence Of Volcanic Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mangala Valles has been mapped previously, but these maps focus on smaller areas (Chapman et al, 1989a(Chapman et al, ,b,c, 1991Chapman and Tanaka, 1993;Tanaka and Chapman, 1990;Craddock and Greeley, 1994;Zimbelman et al, 1994;Basilevsky et al, 2008) and/or are less detailed Ghatan et al, 2005) due to the use of lower-resolution images. The first objective of this study is to map the Mangala Valles using Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Context Camera (CTX) images (Malin et al, 2007) to achieve a level of detail comparable to Basilevsky et al (2008), but over the outflow channel system in its entirety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first objective of this study is to map the Mangala Valles using Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Context Camera (CTX) images (Malin et al, 2007) to achieve a level of detail comparable to Basilevsky et al (2008), but over the outflow channel system in its entirety. CTX images provide a spatial resolution (~6 m/pixel) and coverage that was not available to previous authors, who relied on High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) onboard Mars Express (Jaumann et al, 2007), Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) (Malin and Edgett, 2001), MGS Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) (Smith et al, 2001), and Viking data .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Episodes of fluvial and volcanic activity in Mangala Valles, Mars

Keske

Hamilton

McEwen

et al. 2015

Icarus

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A new mapping-based study of the 900-km-long Mangala Valles outflow system was motivated by the availability of new high-resolution images and continued debates about the roles of water and lava in outflow channels on Mars. This study uses photogeologic analysis, geomorphic surface mapping, cratering statistics, and relative stratigraphy. Results show that Mangala Valles underwent at least two episodes of fluvial activity and at least three episodes of volcanic activity during the Late Amazonian. The occurrence of scoured bedrock at the base of the mapped stratigraphy, in addition to evidence provided by crater retention ages, suggests that fluvial activity preceded the deposition of two of the volcanic units. Crater counts performed at 30 locations throughout the area have allowed us to construct the following timeline: (1) formation of Noachian Highlands and possible initial flooding event(s) before ~1 Ga, (2) emplacement of Tharsis lava flows in the valley from ~700 to 1000 Ma, (3) a megaflooding event at ~700-800 Ma sourced from Mangala Fossa, (4) valley fill by a sequence of lava flows sourced from Mangala Fossa ~400-500 Ma, (5) another megaflooding event from ~400 Ma, (6) a final phase of volcanism sourced from Mangala Fossa ~300-350 Ma, and (7) emplacement of eolian sedimentary deposits in the northern portion of the valley ~300 Ma. These results are consistent with alternating episodes of aqueous flooding and volcanism in the valles. This pattern of geologic activity is similar to that of other outflow systems, such as Kasei Valles, suggesting that there is a recurring, and perhaps coupled, nature of these processes on Mars.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Workcontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence Of Volcanic Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Episodes of fluvial and volcanic activity in Mangala Valles, Mars

Keske

Hamilton

McEwen

et al. 2015

Icarus

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Amazonian fluvial outflow channels in Jovis Tholus region, Mars

Vijayan

Sinha

2017

JGR Planets

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Outflow channels are prevalent on the surface of Mars, and they are one of the strongest lines of evidence for fluvial activity. The purported presence of some of the channel networks on the Amazonian surface provides evidence for recent surficial fluvial activity. We describe morphological evidence collectively diagnostic of fluvial origin for the channels located northwest (NW) of Jovis Tholus, within the Tharsis volcanic province. The fluvial relationships are deciphered from (1) morphological analysis of catastrophic effusion associated with the graben system superposed over the NW portion of an unnamed crater ejecta (19.85°N, 118.03°W) and (2) crater‐size frequency distributions of unnamed crater ejecta revealing the tentative period of the fluvial activity. Channels, streamlined/curvilinear islands, terraces, divide crossing, crossover channels, networks of braided‐like channels, and eroded ejecta are collectively suggestive of fluvial outflow that emanated from the graben. Chronological analysis revealed that the unnamed crater formed at ~3.4 Ga. Subsequently, the NW part of crater ejecta was incised by a channel network originated from the graben. Furthermore, we infer that the current channel floor has undergone volcanic and aeolian resurfacing to some extent, and the estimated modeled resurfaced channel age is ~0.2–0.5 Ga. This reveals that the fluvial activity possibly occurred after the crater formation, but before channel floor resurfacing, which is during Early to Middle Amazonian. Nevertheless, the potential source for the channel formation likely persisted under this region since the pre‐Amazonian epoch. The suite of these fluvial features inferred within the Jovis Tholus region outflow channel system thus adds one another evidence for Amazonian fluvial activity.

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Lateral Accretion Patterns

Pondrelli¹

2015

Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms

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Episodes of floods in Mangala Valles, Mars, from the analysis of HRSC, MOC and THEMIS images

Cited by 65 publications

References 45 publications

Episodes of fluvial and volcanic activity in Mangala Valles, Mars

Episodes of fluvial and volcanic activity in Mangala Valles, Mars

Amazonian fluvial outflow channels in Jovis Tholus region, Mars

Lateral Accretion Patterns

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