Episodic Memory in Schizophrenia

Leavitt, Victoria M.; Goldberg, Terry E.

doi:10.1007/s11065-009-9107-0

Cited by 66 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Whether this is related to disease heterogeneity, differential response to pharmacologic treatment, effects of performance differences between groups, experimental design, image acquisition parameters or other factors yet to be elucidated is unclear. Clearly, brain regions are differentially affected in schizophrenia, but we lack an overarching mechanistic model of memory deficits that is inclusive of different memory systems, the relationship between memory systems and the modulatory capacity or non-memory-related neural networks [48]. It is critical to not only advance the understanding on the functional architecture of working memory dysfunction, but also to investigate the mechanisms that allow manipulation of related networks, potentially improving the treatment of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia: A Selective Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Studies

Kraguljac

Srivastava

Lahti

2013

Behavioral Sciences

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Schizophrenia is a complex chronic mental illness that is characterized by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive deficits are most predictive of long-term outcomes, with abnormalities in memory being the most robust finding. The advent of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has allowed exploring neural correlates of memory deficits in vivo. In this article, we will give a selective review of fMRI studies probing brain regions and functional networks that are thought to be related to abnormal memory performance in two memory systems prominently affected in schizophrenia; working memory and episodic memory. We revisit the classic “hypofrontality” hypothesis of working memory deficits and explore evidence for frontotemporal dysconnectivity underlying episodic memory abnormalities. We conclude that fMRI studies of memory deficits in schizophrenia are far from universal. However, the current literature does suggest that alterations are not isolated to a few brain regions, but are characterized by abnormalities within large-scale brain networks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neuroanatomy of episodic memory is less clearly delineated, but is thought to consist of a widely distributed network of cortical and subcortical brain regions and to be crucially dependent on the MTL, with contributions from the prefrontal cortex [47,48,49]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia: A Selective Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Studies

Kraguljac

Srivastava

Lahti

2013

Behavioral Sciences

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“…Several aspects of memory are affected (Gras-Vincendon et al, 1994;Lee and Park, 2005;Assaf et al, 2007;Leavitt and Goldberg, 2009). But in addition to the analysis of memory accuracy, more qualitative examinations of memory processes have recently concentrated on reflection-and monitoring processes of one's own memory, so-called metamemory processes (Flavell, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamemory in schizophrenia: Retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits

Eifler

Rausch

Schirmbeck

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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Prior studies with schizophrenia patients described a reduced ability to discriminate between correct and false memories in terms of confidence compared to control groups. This metamemory bias has been associated with the emergence and maintenance of delusions. The relation to neuropsychological performance and other clinical dimensions is incompletely understood. In a cross-sectional study, metamemory functioning was explored in 32 schizophrenia patients and 25 healthy controls. Metamemory was assessed using a verbal recognition task combined with retrospective confidence level ratings. Associations of metamemory performance with six neuropsychological domains (executive functioning/problem solving, speed of processing, working memory, verbal and visual learning, and attention/vigilance) and psychopathological measures were analyzed. Results revealed a significantly smaller discrepancy between confidence ratings for correct and incorrect recognitions in the patient group. Furthermore, patients showed significantly lower recognition accuracy in the metamemory task and marked deficits in all neuropsychological domains. Across all participants, metamemory performance significantly correlated with executive functioning and working memory. No associations with delusions were found. This data confirms prior findings of metamemory biases in schizophrenia. Selective neuropsychological abilities seem to be modulating factors of metamemory functioning. Longitudinal studies in at risk mental state and first-episode patients are needed to reveal causal interrelations.

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“…Episodic memory dysfunctions are highly debilitating symptoms of various neurological, cognitive and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ) 2 . Cognitive deficits in general appear to be the strongest predictor of SCZ patients’ functional outcomes 3 ; however, neural circuit dynamics supporting episodic memory and the manner in which they fail in SCZ remains poorly understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired hippocampal place cell dynamics in a mouse model of the 22q11.2 deletion

et al. 2017

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Hippocampal place cells represent the cellular substrate of episodic memory. Place cell ensembles reorganize to support learning but must also maintain stable representations to facilitate memory recall. Despite extensive research, the learning-related role of place cell dynamics in health and disease remains elusive. Using chronic two-photon Ca2+ imaging in hippocampal area CA1 of wild-type and Df(16)A+/− mice, an animal model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, one of the most common genetic risk factors for cognitive dysfunction and schizophrenia, we found that goal-oriented learning in wild-type mice was supported by stable spatial maps and robust remapping of place fields toward the goal location. Df(16)A+/− mice showed a significant learning deficit accompanied by reduced spatial map stability and the absence of goal-directed place cell reorganization. These results expand our understanding of the hippocampal ensemble dynamics supporting cognitive flexibility and demonstrate their importance in a model of 22q11.2-associated cognitive dysfunction.

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Episodic Memory in Schizophrenia

Cited by 66 publications

References 77 publications

Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia: A Selective Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Studies

Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia: A Selective Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Studies

Metamemory in schizophrenia: Retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits

Impaired hippocampal place cell dynamics in a mouse model of the 22q11.2 deletion

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