Epistemic Cultures

Cetina, Karin Knorr

doi:10.4159/9780674039681

Cited by 3,460 publications

(312 citation statements)

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“…We also utilised the sociology of knowledge and science and technology studies (STS) literatures, applying a qualitative approach to this exploratory study where the interest lies in the values and meanings researchers attach to their scientific work or ‘practice’ ( Latour, 1987 ; Latour & WooIgar, 1986 ; Pickering, 1992 ). Thus, we are mindful of the diversity of ‘epistemic cultures’ within what might be referred to as the scientific community ( Knorr-Cetina, 1999 ); the different forms of knowledge used by researchers ( Collins, 2010 ); and how social processes play a part in how disagreements between scientists or ‘scientific controversies’ are resolved ( Collins, 1974 , 2004). By focusing on the work involved in constructing scientific knowledge, rather than viewing scientific knowledge as something ‘out there’ and separate to human activity, we were able to study something tangible that is rooted in social interactions in order to explore the often hidden activity of the alcohol industry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ubiquitous Experience of Alcohol Industry Involvement in Science: Findings From a Qualitative Interview Study

Mitchell

McCambridge

2022

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Objective There is little formal study of alcohol industry involvement in science, despite longstanding concerns about various activities, and broader evidence of corporate manipulation of research. We aimed to explore the experiences of researchers who had no relationship with the alcohol industry, including how industry involvement in alcohol science more broadly had impacted their research work. Method Qualitative, semi-structured interview study with senior researchers working on alcohol policy-relevant topics who had not received any form of payment from the alcohol industry, or performed any unpaid work for alcohol industry companies, or organisations they have created (n=14). A thematic analysis of transcripts using NVivo software was undertaken. Results Despite not having worked with industry, contact with industry was nonetheless unavoidable for these alcohol researchers. This was particularly the case at conferences and policy-related events, which formed a key strand of broader industry surveillance of the research field, including individuals in the research community, and research outputs. Monitoring of the research community at conferences also afforded opportunities for informal relationship-building and attempts to exercise influence. Where research findings were contrary to business interests, surveillance served as a platform for interventions of various kinds, including issuing legal threats. Conclusions The alcohol industry extensively monitors research and researchers. Researchers who study the alcohol industry are targeted in particular, both covertly and overtly. Researchers experience the alcohol industry as ubiquitous in alcohol policy-related research, with conferences and policy-related events key venues for both relationship building and surveillance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ubiquitous Experience of Alcohol Industry Involvement in Science: Findings From a Qualitative Interview Study

Mitchell

McCambridge

2022

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…We can think of his cognitive and psychoanalytic ideas as two strains of music, one dominant and the other more quiet and tentative, playing within the same composition. From the beginning of his research Beck had been working at the crossroads of two epistemic communities (Knorr Cetina, 1999): psychoanalytic psychiatrists and academic psychologists. Psychoanalytic psychiatrists privileged the subjectivism of psychoanalytic theory.…”

Section: Prologuementioning

confidence: 99%

Aaron T. Beck's drawings and the psychoanalytic origin story of cognitive therapy.

Rosner

2012

History of Psychology

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In this essay the author challenges the standard origin story of cognitive therapy, namely, that its founder Aaron T. Beck broke with psychoanalysis to pursue a more pragmatic, parsimonious, and experimentalist cognitive model. It is true that Beck broke with psychoanalysis in large measure as a result of his experimental disconfirmation of key psychoanalytic ideas. His new school of cognitive therapy brought the experimental ethos into every corner of psychological life, extending outward into the largest multisite randomized controlled studies of psychotherapy ever attempted and inward into the deepest recesses of our private worlds. But newly discovered hand-sketched drawings from 1964 of the schema, a conceptual centerpiece of cognitive therapy, as well as unpublished personal correspondence show that Beck continued to think psychoanalytically even after he broke with psychoanalysis. The drawings urge us to consider an origin story much more complex than the one of inherited tradition. This new, multifaceted origin story of cognitive therapy reaches beyond sectarian disagreements and speaks to a broader understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of cognitive therapy.

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“…Nonetheless, scholarship is not a solitary activity; we are all members of epistemic cultures, cultures that create and warrant knowledge (Knorr Cetina, 1999). We can engage a larger global community but only from our particular epistemic culture and only from within the confines of what constitutes knowledge to the culture that we inhabit, so long as we are its inhabitants.…”

Section: Histories Of Exchange and Subjectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

"Image of a global village": Global theorizing and local knowledge.

Stam

2007

Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology

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Globalization' provides an ambiguous clich é for psychology as the North American and European version of the discipline is being exported widely. After providing a brief history of globalization and the failure of its intended effects I discuss three episodes of psychology's place in a globalized marketplace of ideas; the pre-1900 development of psychology in Germany and North America, the failure of phenomenological psychology in Europe after World War II and the current state of the professionalization of psychology. Psychology has, thus far, largely followed the enthusiasms of the globalizers. While it is far too late to create 'indigenous psychologies,' theory remains a vehicle of questioning, coaxing, and resistance through which to engage the multiplicity of subjectivities that confront us."The new electronic interdependence recreates the world in the image of a global village" said Marshall McLuhan in the Gutenberg Galaxy (1962, p. 31). Not a global village, but the image of one. And as Wittgenstein (1953Wittgenstein ( /1958 said so perspicaciously, "a picture held us captive. . . we could not get outside it, for it lay in our language and language seemed to repeat it to us inexorably" ( ¶115). Globalization is my pretext for discussing psychology. The failures of globalization are my pretext for enumerating some failures of psychology as well as the

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Epistemic Cultures

Cited by 3,460 publications

References 0 publications

The Ubiquitous Experience of Alcohol Industry Involvement in Science: Findings From a Qualitative Interview Study

The Ubiquitous Experience of Alcohol Industry Involvement in Science: Findings From a Qualitative Interview Study

Aaron T. Beck's drawings and the psychoanalytic origin story of cognitive therapy.

"Image of a global village": Global theorizing and local knowledge.

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