Epistemological challenges of the oxidative stress theory of disease and the problem of biomarkers

Ghezzi, Pietro; Ghiara, Virginia; Davies, Kevin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818606-0.00002-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Obviously, measuring a single biomarker is not clinically useful [ 27 ]. The epistemological challenges of using such biomarkers have been discussed [ 28 ]. Ghezzi [ 29 ] proposed a classification of biomarkers of oxidative stress ( Table 1 ), which may help guide researchers in the field.…”

Section: Practical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

2020

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Oxidative stress is defined as “an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox signaling and control and/or molecular damage”. This Commentary presents basic features of this global concept which has attracted interest in biology and medicine. The term “antioxidants” in cellular defense against oxidants predominantly includes antioxidant enzymes with their substrates and coenzymes. Exogenous low-molecular-mass compounds also have a role, but this is more limited. Multiple biomarkers of damage due to oxidative stress have been identified for different molecular classes (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and DNA), and the current state of practical aspects in health and disease is delineated.

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Section: Practical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

2020

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“…Oxidative stress is commonly defined as a state of imbalance between the amount of the oxidant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cells and the endogenous antioxidants within the cell’s physiological environment, resulting in excess production of ROS. Although frequently used, the generality of this concept has been debated [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], and the validity of the oxidative stress theory of disease has been lately challenged [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Bombyx mori Silk Sericin in Cultures of Murine Retinal Photoreceptor Cells

2022

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The availability of natural substances able to fulfill the role of antioxidants in a physiologic environment is important for the development of therapies against diseases associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species and ensuing oxidative stress. Antioxidant properties have been reported episodically for sericin, a proteinaceous constituent of the silk thread in the cocoons generated by the larvae of the Lepidoptera order. We investigated the sericin fractions isolated from the cocoons spun by the domesticated (Bombyx mori) silkworm. Three fractions were isolated and evaluated, including two peptidoid fractions, the crude sericin and the purified (dialyzed) sericin, and the non-peptidoid methanolic extract of the crude fraction. When subjected to Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, the extract showed much higher antioxidant capacity as compared to the crude or purified sericin fractions. The three fractions were also evaluated in cultures of murine retinal photoreceptor cells (661 W), a cell line that is highly susceptible to oxidants and is crucially involved in the retinopathies primarily caused by oxidative stress. The extract displayed a significant dose-dependent protective effect on the cultured cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. In identical conditions, the crude sericin showed a certain level of antioxidative activity at a higher concentration, while the purified sericin did not show any activity. We concluded that the non-peptidoid components accompanying sericin were chiefly responsible for the previously reported antioxidant capacity associated with sericin fractions, a conclusion supported by the qualitative detection of flavonoids in the extract but not in the purified sericin fraction.

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Demystifying Oxidative Stress

Ghezzi

Mooradian

2020

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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Epistemological challenges of the oxidative stress theory of disease and the problem of biomarkers

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Bombyx mori Silk Sericin in Cultures of Murine Retinal Photoreceptor Cells

Demystifying Oxidative Stress

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