Epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide-78 recruits neutrophils into pleural effusion

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of epithelial neutrophilactivating peptide (ENA)-78 in pleural effusions, as well as the chemoattractant activity of pleural ENA-78 on neutrophils.Pleural effusion and serum samples were collected from 75 patients who presented to the respiratory institute (19 with malignant pleural effusion, 21 with tuberculous pleural effusion, 18 with infectious pleural effusion and 17 with transudative pleural effusion). The concentrations of ENA-78, myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase were determined, and the chemoattractant activity of ENA-78 for neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo was also observed.The concentrations of ENA-78, myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase in infectious pleural effusion were significantly higher than those in malignant, tuberculous and transudative groups, respectively (all p,0.01). Infectious pleural fluid was chemotactic for neutrophils in vitro and anti-ENA-78 antibody could partly inhibit these chemotactic effects. Intrapleural administration of ENA-78 produced a marked progressive influx of neutrophils into pleural space.Compared with noninfectious pleural effusion, ENA-78 appeared to be increased in infectious pleural effusion. Our data suggested that ENA-78 was able to induce neutrophil infiltration into pleural space and might be responsible for pleural neutrophil degranulation.

CCL22 is involved in the recruitment of CD4+CD25high T cells into tuberculous pleural effusions

“…The cytological and biochemical characteristics of pleural fluids from most of the patients included in this study have been reported previously. 16,17 Consistent with our previous findings, 13 a significant increase was observed in CD4 + CD25 high Foxp3 + T cells in TPE (18.3 Ϯ 1.0%) compared with the corresponding peripheral blood (8.9 Ϯ 0.6%) (Wilcoxon signedrank test, Z = -4.843, P < 0.001) ( Fig. 1).…”

Imbalance of Th17 Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Tuberculous Pleural Effusion

“…We are not showing the cytological and biochemical characteristics in TPE here, since these data have been reported previously (13,16), and similar results were observed in the present study. (Fig.…”

Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of valganciclovir in a subset of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

“…Since monocytes are transformed into macrophages in tissues, including the central nervous system, by lowering monocytes in peripheral blood, VGCV may be indirectly decreasing the viral HHV‐6/EBV burden in the tissues of CFS patients. In addition, by decreasing influx of infected monocytes (with the capacity of triggering inflammation) into affected tissues, VGCV may be contributing towards the restoration of a more effective and healthier local immune response.” The neutrophilic response observed in the VGCV arm was unexpected but was also validated by the increase of ENA‐78, a known neutrophil chemoattractant [Liu et al, ]. The antiviral role of neutrophils is becoming increasingly appreciated [Butler et al, ] and should not come as a surprise given the tendency of several viruses to cause leukopenia.…”