Epithelial Tumours of the Stomach

Carneiro, Fátima; Lauwers, Gregory Y.

doi:10.1002/9781118399668.ch13

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 471 publications

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“…The focal points of the trial were the minimal or no response to neoadjuvant SC, histologically proven in 40% of the patients, and the significant rate of microscopic rather than radical resection (R1) at pathology in 28% of the patients. We agree with the authors that the high percentage of the diffuse type of cancer (68%) may be an explanation for such poor results; however, at the same time, it should be emphasized that this particular histotype, currently better defined as poorly cohesive carcinoma (PCC) [68], requires specific attention because of its increasing incidence in Western countries [69], its specific tendency for peritoneal spread, and the characteristics of its submucosal growth pattern that frequently result in the preoperative underestimation [70] of its spread.…”

Section: Crs Combined With Hipec In Patients With Gc and Pmssupporting

confidence: 88%

Gastric Cancer (GC) with Peritoneal Metastases (PMs): An Overview of Italian PSM Oncoteam Evidence and Study Purposes

Sammartino

Manzoni

Marano

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Gastric cancer (GC) continues to be one of the leading types of malignancies worldwide, despite an ongoing decrease in incidence. It is the fifth most frequent type of cancer in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer death. Peritoneal metastases (PMs) occur in 20–30% of cases during the natural history of the disease. Systemic chemotherapy (SC) is undoubtedly the standard of care for patients with GC and PMs. However, with the development of highly effective regimens (SC combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy), significant tumor shrinkage has been observed in many patients with synchronous GC and PMs, allowing some to undergo curative resection “conversion surgery” with long-term survival. In recent years, there has been growing interest in intraperitoneal chemotherapy for PMs, because the reduced drug clearance associated with the peritoneal/plasma barrier allows for direct and prolonged drug exposure with less systemic toxicity. These procedures, along with other methods used for peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs), can be used in GCs with PMs as neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant treatments after radical surgery or as palliative treatments delivered either laparoscopically or—more recently—as pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy. The great heterogeneity of patients with stage IV gastric cancer did not allow us to carry out a systemic review; therefore, we limited ourselves to providing readers with an overview to clarify the indications and outcomes of integrated treatments for GCs with PMs by analyzing reports from the international clinical literature and the specific experiences of our oncoteam.

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Section: Crs Combined With Hipec In Patients With Gc and Pmssupporting

confidence: 88%

Gastric Cancer (GC) with Peritoneal Metastases (PMs): An Overview of Italian PSM Oncoteam Evidence and Study Purposes

Sammartino

Manzoni

Marano

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…At later stages, epithelial gastric adenocarcinomas evolve to invasive lesions, where cancerous cells invade through the basement membrane and penetrate the mucosa and submucosa. Diffuse-type GC is also characterized by the stiffening of the gastric wall, or "linitis plastica" (Carneiro and Lauwers, 2012). Of note, other classifications for gastric adenocarcinomas have been proposed (reviewed in Carneiro and Lauwers, 2012), and other non-epithelial gastric tumors can also be identified (Wall and Nickl, 2019).…”

Section: Wnt5a Expression In Gastric Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PD is usually described as a multi-step process, where GC cells must invade the gastric wall and reach the peritoneal cavity (Kanda and Kodera, 2016). Carneiro and Lauwers have noted that stiffening of the gastric wall is observed during invasive adenocarcinoma, due to the desmoplasia following tumor cell invasion (Carneiro and Lauwers, 2012).…”

Section: Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt5a Signaling in Gastric Cancer

Astudillo

2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Gastric cancer remains an important health challenge, accounting for a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in gastric cancer establishment and progression is highly desirable. The Wnt pathway plays a fundamental role in development, homeostasis, and disease, and abnormal Wnt signaling is commonly observed in several cancer types. Wnt5a, a ligand that activates the non-canonical branch of the Wnt pathway, can play a role as a tumor suppressor or by promoting cancer cell invasion and migration, although the molecular mechanisms explaining these roles have not been fully elucidated. Wnt5a is increased in gastric cancer samples; however, most gastric cancer cell lines seem to exhibit little expression of this ligand, thus raising the question about the source of this ligand in vivo. This review summarizes available research about Wnt5a expression and signaling in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer, Wnt5a promotes invasion and migration by modulating integrin adhesion turnover. Disheveled, a scaffolding protein with crucial roles in Wnt signaling, mediates the adhesion-related effects of Wnt5a in gastric cancer cells, and several studies provide growing support for a model whereby Disheveled-interacting proteins mediates Wnt5a signaling to modulate cytoskeleton dynamics. However, Wnt5a might induce other effects in gastric cancer cells, such as cell survival and induction of gene expression. On the other hand, the available evidence suggests that Wnt5a might be expressed by cells residing in the tumor microenvironment, where feedback mechanisms sustaining Wnt5a secretion and signaling might be established. This review analyzes the possible functions of Wnt5a in this pathological context and discusses potential links to mechanosensing and YAP/TAZ signaling.

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“…Most of the malignant gastric tumors correspond to the histological type of adenocarcinoma (approximately 90%), with a lower percentage of lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, leiomyosarcomas and other rarer tumors[ 7 , 8 ]. The adenocarcinomas have been divided classically into two histological subtypes: Diffuse and intestinal, each of which have differences in their presentations depending on the anatomic subsite, age when diagnosed, sex, race, demographical distribution and socio-economic situation[ 7 - 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersections between innate immune response and gastric cancer development

Villarroel‐Espíndola¹,

Ejsmentewicz²,

González-Stegmaier³

et al. 2023

World J Gastroenterol

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Worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It has a reduced prevalence but has maintained its poor prognosis being the fourth leading cause of deaths related to cancer. The highest mortality rates occur in Asian and Latin American countries, where cases are usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Overall, GC is viewed as the consequence of a multifactorial process, involving the virulence of the Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) strains, as well as some environmental factors, dietary habits, and host intrinsic factors. The tumor microenvironment in GC appears to be chronically inflamed which promotes tumor progression and reduces the therapeutic opportunities. It has been suggested that inflammation assessment needs to be measured qualitatively and quantitatively, considering cell-infiltration types, availability of receptors to detect damage and pathogens, and presence or absence of aggressive H. pylori strains. Gastrointestinal epithelial cells express several Toll-like receptors and determine the first defensive line against pathogens, and have been also described as mediators of tumorigenesis. However, other molecules, such as cytokines related to inflammation and innate immunity, including immune checkpoint molecules, interferon-gamma pathway and NETosis have been associated with an increased risk of GC. Therefore, this review will explore innate immune activation in the context of premalignant lesions of the gastric epithelium and established gastric tumors.

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Epithelial Tumours of the Stomach

Cited by 6 publications

References 471 publications

Gastric Cancer (GC) with Peritoneal Metastases (PMs): An Overview of Italian PSM Oncoteam Evidence and Study Purposes

Gastric Cancer (GC) with Peritoneal Metastases (PMs): An Overview of Italian PSM Oncoteam Evidence and Study Purposes

Wnt5a Signaling in Gastric Cancer

Intersections between innate immune response and gastric cancer development

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