Epithelium‐Specific Runx2 knockout mice display junctional epithelium and alveolar bone defects

Abstract

As a critical transcription factor, Runx2 plays a fundamental role in the formation and mineralization of bone and tooth (Camilleri & McDonald, 2006;Komori, 2019;Long, 2011). Mutations in the human Runx2 gene cause cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), an autosomal dominant inheritance characterized by bone and dental defects (Farrow et al., 2018). In CCD patients, dental defects include supernumerary teeth, enamel hypoplasia, the absence of cellular cementum, and abnormally shaped roots (Jaruga et al., 2016;Otto et al., 2002). In addition to its expression in mineralized tissues, Runx2 is also detected in dental follicle cells, cementoblasts, periodontal ligament cells, and junctional epithelium (JE) (Bronckers et al., 2001), indicating that this molecule may play an essential role in the periodontium.Once the enamel completes its mineralization, the ameloblasts are converted into reduced enamel epithelium. With the eruption of teeth, the reduced enamel epithelium fuses with the oral epithelium to form the JE. Amelotin, odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM), and secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein proline-glutamine rich 1 (SCPPPQ1) are expressed in the developmental continuum from enamel epithelium to JE (Moffatt et al., 2006Nishio et al., 2013). Previous studies have suggested an association between the occurrence of enamel defects and periodontal lesions.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies New Inflammation-Promoting Cell Subsets in Asian Patients With Chronic Periodontitis

“…Potential regulators of junctional epithelial, such as RUNX2, were identified through SCENIC analysis. This result is in consistency with recent studies where a critical role of RUNX2 in maintaining the integrity of the dentogingival junction was found ( 59 , 60 ).…”

The Effect of Grape Seed Extract on the Alveolar, Jaw, and Skeletal Bone Remodeling: A Scoping Review

“…79 In alveolar bone, the Runx2 also plays similar as skeletal bone, which is a role in osteoblast differentiation 80 and maintains the integrity of the dentogingival junction. 81 NFATc1 expression also decreases after GSE supplementation in the arthritis model. 53 During the regeneration, GSE provides antioxidant properties due to its phenolic compound, and this substance is able to inhibit the inflammation process.…”

“…79 In alveolar bone, the Runx2 also plays similar as skeletal bone, which is a role in osteoblast differentiation 80 and maintains the integrity of the dentogingival junction. 81…”

Junctional epithelium and hemidesmosomes: Tape and rivets for solving the “percutaneous device dilemma” in dental and other permanent implants

“…ODAM induces RhoA activity and downstream factor by interacting with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5 (ARHGEF5), a regulator of small G-proteins [ 280 ]. RUNX2 (runt-related transcription factor 2) may also be involved [ 281 ]. AMTN is also expressed during JE regeneration but only once the JE is about to establish contact with the tooth again [ 74 , 282 ].…”