Epitope‐based immunoinformatics approach on RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein complex of Nipah virus (NiV)

Abstract

Persistent outbreaks of Nipah virus (NiV) with severe case fatality throw a major challenge on researchers to develop a drug or vaccine to combat the disease. With little knowledge of its molecular mechanisms, we utilized the proteome data of NiV to evaluate the potency of three major proteins (phosphoprotein, polymerase, and nucleocapsid protein) in the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase complex to count as a possible candidate for epitope‐based vaccine design. Profound computational analysis was used on the above proteins individually to explore the T‐cell immune properties like antigenicity, immunogenicity, binding to major histocompatibility complex class I and class II alleles, conservancy, toxicity, and population coverage. Based on these predictions the peptide ‘ELRSELIGY’ of phosphoprotein and ‘YPLLWSFAM’ of nulceocapsid protein were identified as the best‐predicted T‐cell epitopes and molecular docking with human leukocyte antigen‐C (HLA‐C*12:03) molecule was effectuated followed by validation with molecular dynamics simulation. The B‐cell epitope predictions suggest that the sequence positions 421 to 471 in phosphoprotein, 606 to 640 in polymerase and 496 to 517 in nucleocapsid protein are the best‐predicted regions for B‐cell immune response. However, the further experimental circumstance is required to test and validate the efficacy of the subunit peptide for potential candidacy against NiV.

Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis, vaccine designing and control strategies – a comprehensive review

“…These studies are oriented for the validation of potential vaccine candidate protein portions from Nipah virus which could then spearhead towards the development of fruitful subunit vaccines (Ravichandran et al. 2018).…”

Designing of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Nipah virus by in silico approach: a putative prophylactic solution for the deadly virus

“…as viral vectors for the vaccine development (Satterfield, Dawes, et al, 2016). Some groups have also put forward in silico approaches to design epitope-based vaccine candidates against the Glycoprotein, Fusion protein or the RdRp of Nipah virus (Kamthania & Sharma, 2015;Parvege, Rahman, Nibir, & Hossain, 2016;Ravichandran, Venkatesan, & Febin Prabhu Dass, 2019;C. K. Saha, Mahbub Hasan, Saddam Hossain, Asraful Jahan, & Azad, 2017;Sakib, Islam, Hasan, & Nabi, 2014).…”

Excavating SARS‐coronavirus 2 genome for epitope‐based subunit vaccine synthesis using immunoinformatics approach

“…Further, the interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) cells are well known for their immunoregulatory and antiviral properties, and thus are important for vaccine designing (Chauhan, Rungta, Goyal, & Singh, 2019). Recently, several researchers have proposed the immunotherapeutic potential of epitope‐based therapeutics (consisting of T‐cell, B‐cell, and IFN‐γ epitopes) against the number of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, such as hepatitis C virus, Nipah virus, herpes simplex virus, Acinetobacter, Vibrio, malaria, Echinococcus, and Leishmania (Abbas, Zafar, Ahmad, & Azam, 2020; Chauhan & Farooq, 2016; Chauhan, Goyal, & Singh, 2018; Chauhan, Singh, & Ratho, 2018; Damfo, Reche, Gatherer, & Flower, 2017; He et al, 2019; Ravichandran, Venkatesan, & Febin Prabhu Dass, 2018; Solanki & Tiwari, 2018). Even the recently proposed RTS,S/AS01 vaccine for malaria consists of T‐cell epitopes (Pance, 2019).…”