Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease in White-tailed Deer from Missouri

Brannian, Roger E.; Giessman, Norb; Porath, Wayne R.; Hoff, Gerald L.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-19.4.357

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Outbreaks of hemorrhagic disease due to BT or EHD viruses have been reported in white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) in several regions of the USA (Brannian et al, 1983;Feldner and Smith, 1981;Prest-wood et al, 1974;Roughton, 1975). Since white-tailed deer are closely related to black-tailed deer, white-tailed deer may also be susceptible to the adenovirus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Adenovirus Hemorrhagic Disease in White-Tailed Deer Fawns

Woods

Lehmkuhl

Swift

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Infection with a newly described endotheliotropic adenovirus was the cause of a 1993 epizootic reminiscent of hemorrhagic disease in California mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus and O. hemionus hemionus). Pulmonary edema and intestinal luminal hemorrhage, or necrotizing stomatitis associated with systemic or localized vasculitis, respectively, were common lesions seen in animals that died during the epizootic. In order to determine if white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) also are susceptible to infection and fatal disease with the deer adenovirus, eight white-tailed deer fawns (4-to 6-mo-old) were inoculated with purified deer adenovirus. Four were inoculated intravenously and four were inoculated through the mucous membranes. Seven days post-inoculation, one of the fawns inoculated intravenously died. Pulmonary edema and hemorrhagic enteropathy were associated with pulmonary and intestinal vasculitis with systemic multiorgan distribution of endotheliotropic adenovirus as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Adenovirus was reisolated from lung homogenates of the fawn that died of adenovirus hemorrhagic disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Adenovirus Hemorrhagic Disease in White-Tailed Deer Fawns

Woods

Lehmkuhl

Swift

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…The economic importance of EHDV infection is attributed mainly to the fatal hemorrhagic disease it causes in white-tailed deer populations (8,14,25,26). Even in the absence of clinical hemorrhagic disease, there is a restriction on the international trade of livestock and associated germ plasm (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is a doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) orbivirus in the family Reoviridae and is related to bluetongue virus (BTV) (6,7,9). EHDV causes an often fatal hemorrhagic infection in North American whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (8,14,16,22,25,26). The association of EHDV with clinical hemorrhagic disease in sheep and cattle is rare, but the infection is typically asymptomatic (2,10,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

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PCR Detection of North American and Central African Isolates of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) Based on Genome Segment 10 of EHDV Serotype 1

Aradaib¹,

Wilson²,

Schore

et al. 1998

J Clin Microbiol

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PCR amplification technology for the detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) ribonucleic acid in cell culture and clinical specimens was developed. With oligoribonucleotide primers selected from genome segment 10 of EHDV serotype 1 (EHDV-1), which codes for two nonstructural proteins (NS3 and NS3a), the PCR-based assay resulted in a 535-bp PCR product. RNAs from North American EHDV-1 prototype, EHDV-2 prototype, and a number of EHDV field isolates, including the Central African isolates of EHDV-5 and EHDV-318 propagated in cell cultures, were detected by this PCR-based assay. The specific 535-bp PCR products were visualized onto agarose gels, and the identity of the PCR products was confirmed by chemiluminescent hybridization with a 352-bp internal probe. The sensitivity of the EHDV PCR assay was increased by chemiluminescent hybridization; by this EHDV-NS3 PCR, 10 fg of EHDV RNA was detected (equivalent to 600 viral particles). Amplification product was not detected when the PCR-based assay was applied to RNAs from North American bluetongue virus prototype serotypes 2, 10, 11, 13, and 17; total nucleic acid extracts from uninfected BHK-21 cells; or unfractionated blood from calves and deer that were EHDV seronegative and virus isolation negative. The described EHDV PCR-based assay with primers derived from segment 10 of EHDV-1 resulted in detection of EHDV RNA from blood and tissues collected from calves and deer with natural and experimental EHDV infections and provides a valuable tool to study the epidemiology of EHDV infection in susceptible ruminants.

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“…inoculation of embryonated chicken virginianus). 5,8,9,11 Other domestic and wild ruminants eggs (ECE) or isolation on cell lines. The VI technique may also be infected with the virus.…”

Section: Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (Ehdv) Is An Finitive DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Virus Isolation for Detection of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Clinical Samples from Naturally Infected Deer

Aradaib

Akita

Pearson³

et al. 1995

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. We compared our recently reported reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) in clinical samples with different virus isolation (VI) procedures. Thirty-six blood samples and 1 spleen sample from deer were assessed by the EHDV PCR assay and VI in baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cells and embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). The EHDV PCR assay detected EHDV RNA from 6 blood samples obtained from deer during 1988-1989 outbreaks of epizootic hemorrhagic disease and from the spleen and blood samples of a deer with clinical hemorrhagic disease in 1992. The 6 blood samples from the 1988-1989 outbreaks and the spleen sample from the 1992 case were VI positive on BHK-21 cell culture. The blood from the same deer with the PCR-and VI-positive spleen was VI negative in BHK-21 cells and ECE. All EHDV isolates were identified as EHDV serotype 2 by a plaque inhibition test. The results of this study indicate that the sensitivity of the previously described EHDV PCR assay is comparable to or greater than that of the VI method in BHK-21 cell culture or ECE. The EHDV PCR assays could provide a superior diagnostic alternative to the current cumbersome and time-consuming VI procedures.Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) is an finitive diagnosis of EHDV infection presently requires arthropod-borne, double-stranded RNA virus of the isolation of the virus. Various laboratories have difgenus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae, 4,6 that causes fatal ferent methods for isolation of EHDV, including inhemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus travenous (i.v.) inoculation of embryonated chicken virginianus). 5,8,9,11 Other domestic and wild ruminants eggs (ECE) or isolation on cell lines. The VI technique may also be infected with the virus. 13,15 The possibility is laborious, expensive, and time consuming, and a of clinical disease in domestic and wild ruminants has final result requires 2-4 weeks. led to restrictions on the international movement of livestock and their germplasm if the animals are EHDV positive by serology or virus isolation (VI). 22Diagnosis of EHDV infection by traditional methods includes evaluation of clinical signs, pathologic changes, serology, and VI. Because clinical signs and pathologic changes caused by EHDV are indistinguishable from those produced by bluetongue virus (BLU), an orbivirus related to EHDV, confirmation of EHDV infection under field conditions by these methods is unreliable.14,19 Serology may provide a good indication of EHDV infection if there is a 4-fold increase in the antibody titer in samples taken 2 weeks apart. However, the difficulty in obtaining paired serum samples from field-infected animals makes a definitive diagnosis of EHDV infection by serology impractical. De-

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Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease in White-tailed Deer from Missouri

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Adenovirus Hemorrhagic Disease in White-Tailed Deer Fawns

Experimental Adenovirus Hemorrhagic Disease in White-Tailed Deer Fawns

PCR Detection of North American and Central African Isolates of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) Based on Genome Segment 10 of EHDV Serotype 1

Comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Virus Isolation for Detection of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Clinical Samples from Naturally Infected Deer

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