Epizootiology and Molecular Identification of Trypanosome Species in Livestock Ruminants in the Gambia

Kargbo, Alpha; Ebiloma, Godwin U.; Ibrahim, Y. K. E.; Chechet, Gloria Dada; Jeng, Momodou; Balogun, E.O.

doi:10.1007/s11686-021-00442-z

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The hypervariable nature of many of these phenotypic characteristics and body color changes during sample storage may lead to misidentification ( Odeniran et al, 2021 ; Armstrong & Ball, 2005 ). Although the information on livestock trypanosomiasis in The Gambia has been reported ( Rawlings et al, 1993 ; ITC, 2015 ; Kargbo et al, 2022a , b ), the impact of vegetation on biting flies such as tsetse flies, Tabanus and Stomoxys species has for long been studied in many countries in Africa. Many researchers have associated higher infestation of biting flies with the dense vegetation ( Rayaisse et al, 2015 ; Lendzele et al, 2017 ; Keita et al, 2020 ; Malele et al, 2011 ; Lydie et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G. palpalis is also present, although more restricted to riverine vegetation, a region ranked as an area of low to moderate tsetse challenge (Kargbo & Kuye, 2020). In this area, the incidence of trypanosomes in the country has been reported to be higher between October and December (Kargbo et al, 2022a;Olaniyan et al, 2022). A complete understanding of the patterns and factors contributing to Glossina distribution can be instrumental in making decisions for better tsetse and trypanosomiasis control measures but requires accurate vector identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Glossinidae (Diptera) species in The Gambia in relation to vegetation

Kargbo,

Jallow,

Vieira

et al. 2024

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Glossina species are known to transmit African Trypanosomiasis, one of the most important infectious diseases for both livestock and humans in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize trapped Glossina spp. from The Gambia using morphological and molecular techniques in relation to the vegetation cover types. A line transect survey was carried out in all the administrative regions of The Gambia. Tsetse fly trapping was carried out for 14 days during each season using line transect. A total of 220 Glossina spp. specimens (117 F and 103 M) were captured, and DNA was extracted from the legs of 100 randomly selected Glossina spp. Further, DNA samples were tested by a conventional PCR assay. A total of 135/220 (61%; 95% CI: 54.6-67.8%) and 85/220 (39%; 95% CI: 32.2-45.4%) flies were identified as Glossina morsitans submorsitans and Glossina palpalis gambiensis, respectively, with most caught during wet season (53.6%) and more females (53.2%) than males. Results of the morphological identification agreed with those of molecular identification. The type of vegetation cover significantly influenced the caught of tsetse flies. Animals and humans at the various trapping sites are at risk of being bitten by tsetse flies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Glossinidae (Diptera) species in The Gambia in relation to vegetation

Kargbo,

Jallow,

Vieira

et al. 2024

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…In The Gambia, AAT affects livestock productivity, with equids being very vulnerable [ 13 – 15 ]. The West Africa Livestock Innovation Center (WALIC), through the Ministry of Agriculture and the Horse and Donkey Trust Fund (HDTF), is the two institutions making some effort to control trypanosomiasis in The Gambia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The West Africa Livestock Innovation Center (WALIC), through the Ministry of Agriculture and the Horse and Donkey Trust Fund (HDTF), is the two institutions making some effort to control trypanosomiasis in The Gambia. Since there is no available vaccine for trypanosomiasis, WALIC has attempted to select and genetically improve indigenous trypan-tolerant breeds such as N'dama and Zebu cattle to control the incidence of trypanosomiasis in the country and neighboring countries [ 15 ]. Zebu cattle are more productive in terms of meat and milk production, although more vulnerable to AAT than N'dama cattle, and they cannot survive for long in both the Central River Region (CRR) and Lower River Region (LRR), regions highly infested with tsetse flies [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since there is no available vaccine for trypanosomiasis, WALIC has attempted to select and genetically improve indigenous trypan-tolerant breeds such as N'dama and Zebu cattle to control the incidence of trypanosomiasis in the country and neighboring countries [ 15 ]. Zebu cattle are more productive in terms of meat and milk production, although more vulnerable to AAT than N'dama cattle, and they cannot survive for long in both the Central River Region (CRR) and Lower River Region (LRR), regions highly infested with tsetse flies [ 15 ]. HDTF has been more active in curing trypanosomiasis-related cases in livestock animals, especially in equids across the country [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Livestock Owners and Livestock Assistants towards African Trypanosomiasis Control in The Gambia

Kargbo

Jawo

Amoutchi³

et al. 2022

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Background. In Africa, it has been estimated that 50 million cattle and 70 million sheep and goats are at risk of animal African trypanosomiasis, and three million cattle die annually. Methods. This study was conducted in all the regions of The Gambia except Kombo Saint Mary Island (Banjul). Structured questionnaires were administered to 440 randomly selected livestock owners and 23 livestock assistants, and 7 focus group discussions were held for both livestock owners and livestock assistants. The data were analyzed mainly using descriptive statistics and content analysis methods. Results. A total of 94.5% and 75% of livestock owners reported having seen tsetse and horse flies, respectively, while 100% of livestock assistants reported having seen tsetse flies. Forty-seven percent of the livestock owners indicated a positive attitude toward control measures, while 42% of them had no idea how to control tsetse flies. On the other hand, 57% of livestock assistants believe that tsetse and horse flies are the main reasons why AAT is still in their community. There was a statistically significant difference between all the respondents’ characteristics and the practices done by livestock owners to prevent AAT vectors from biting their animals. Conclusion. This study shows that trypanosomiasis is still a major problem for livestock health and production in The Gambia, and it requires disease and vector control.

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Extracts of the cyanobacteria Microcystis flos-aquae contain potent anti-Trypanosoma compounds

Agee,

Garba,

Chia

et al. 2024

J Appl Phycol

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Epizootiology and Molecular Identification of Trypanosome Species in Livestock Ruminants in the Gambia

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Diversity of Glossinidae (Diptera) species in The Gambia in relation to vegetation

Diversity of Glossinidae (Diptera) species in The Gambia in relation to vegetation

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Livestock Owners and Livestock Assistants towards African Trypanosomiasis Control in The Gambia

Extracts of the cyanobacteria Microcystis flos-aquae contain potent anti-Trypanosoma compounds

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