BC Bastar Craton BKC Bundelkhand Craton (massif) BGC Banded Gneissic Complex CGC Chhotanagpur Granite-Gneiss Complex EDC Eastern Dharwar Craton MGC Meghalaya Craton SBC Singhbhum Craton WDC Western Dharwar Craton vi A hundred times a day I remind myself that my inner and outer lives are based on the labors of other people, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving. Albert Einstein Dedicated to the memory of my sister Rajbai and her mother-in-law Bhoribai whose benevolence and guardianship helped me attain what I could.
ForewordProfessor Ram Swaroop Sharma whom I affectionately address as Bhratashri has asked me to write a foreword for his book on "Cratons and Fold Belts of India". Bhratashri's wish is always my command and this foreword is written with both delight and humility. Formation of rocks to make up the continental crust and the assembly of such rocks to form a contiguous and large physiographic feature called landmass is a first order geological problem. Several other geological problems such as the formation of various landforms (mountains, plateaus and plains), various mineral deposits, development/maintenance/evolution of hydrologic cycle, climate and life, and rivers and their basins are integral parts of this first order problem. Just as the fundamental thing called water is taken for granted, so also the existence of land on earth. Although land may not be a critical environmental resource, the existence of land is critical to the physics and chemistry of the life system on earth. This basic truth, perhaps realized by Vedic men, is dawned on to the contemporary scientific community only towards the end of the twentieth century, thanks to the developing environmental problems.Our knowledge of the earth, its materials and processes, is very rapidly increasing due to advancement in technical tools of investigations and in theoretical aspects of physics, chemistry and biology. The advent of plate tectonic theory after the Second World War and the realization of environmental consequences of consumption of earth materials and ecosystem services contributed very significantly to our understanding of earth processes. Studies of the Precambrian Geology of India have made very good use of all these development as well as International scientific cooperation. Although our knowledge of the formation of India as a landmass is better today than ever before, it is still far from what is required to sustain human "civilization."Prof. Sharma's book on "Cratons and Fold Belts of India" is an excellent exposition of the current status of our knowledge of the geology of Archaean cratonic parts of the Indian landmass and of the geology and processes of formation of Proterozoic fold belts on the cratonic basements (cratonic, of course, not during Proterozoic!). The book also provides, for an uninitiated but interested, in the first three chapters, concepts of terrain and terrain making processes, major cratonic terrains of India and pro...