Epoxidised natural rubber as adhesion promoter in natural rubber based compounds

Öter, Murat; Karaağaç, Bağdagül

doi:10.1007/s42464-020-00061-9

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Rheometer curves of the compounds that prepared with fresh and spent coffee are shown in Figure 1. Minimum torque (ML), maximum torque (MH), scorch time (ts2), and optimum cure time (t90) were directly obtained from the curves; cure extent (CE) and cure rate index (CRI) were calculated according to Equation (4) and Equation ( 5) [33], respectively. All the rheological characteristics are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Rheological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee Grounds as Renewable Filler in NBR Biocomposites

Öncel,

Ünügül,

ABACI

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Using biological/renewable resources as filler or modifier in both thermoplastics and rubbers has been of a great interest in order to reduce negative effects of traditional petroleum/natural gas based fillers. In this study, the main goal was the use of spent (waste) coffee grounds as a natural alternative filler to carbon black in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) based compounds. Stabilization effect of fresh coffee grounds was also investigated. Both fresh and spent coffee grounds were gradually replaced with CB in a reference (control) NBR compound formulation. Rheological, physico-mechanical, thermal, morphological, and dielectric properties of the biocomposites were tested and compared with the control. Processability has been affected positively in the case of using coffee grounds thanks to the presence of triacyl groups in coffee. Improved abrasion resistance and lower oil swelling could be obtained for coffee containing compounds. In conclusion, spent coffee grounds were found to be a good natural alternative filler for preparing NBR based biocomposites without a significant change in material properties.

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Section: Rheological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee Grounds as Renewable Filler in NBR Biocomposites

Öncel,

Ünügül,

ABACI

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Therefore, European Union and United States of America strictly prohibited on the use of mineral oils in the production of tires. As per EU law, the processed oils containing more than 3% polycyclic aromatic content cannot be used as rubber process oils in tire and other rubber products . Therefore, finding a suitable alternatives for mineral oil in rubber processing is necessary to reduce health risk in all rubber industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As per EU law, the processed oils containing more than 3% polycyclic aromatic content cannot be used as rubber process oils in tire and other rubber products. 2 Therefore, finding a suitable alternatives for mineral oil in rubber processing is necessary to reduce health risk in all rubber industries. Cardanol, a promising natural resource from cashew nut shell liquid and waste of the cashew industry, is a well-established alternative source for replacement of mineral oil in rubber processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer‐grafted carboxylated styrene–butadiene rubber for better processing with enhancing silica filler dispersion

Prabhavale

Mahata

Nando

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Cardanol is a byproduct of cashew industry of semiforest origin. It is cheap and available in humongous amount and acts as a multifunctional additive in rubber compounds. It can be oligomerized with orthophosphoric acid to make phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer (PCP). Hence, cardanol has been chemically grafted on to the backbone chain of carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR) by employing melt grafting technique in presence of peroxide initiator to include multifunctional properties. The PCP-grafted XSBR (PCP-g-XSBR) was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1 H-NMR techniques and optimize the grafting conditions such as percent of grafting and grafting efficiency by using Taguchi methodology. PCP-g-XSBR was compounded with silica filler for a comparative study in terms of processing behavior with XSBR. The cure characteristics such as the cure rate and the optimum cure time of the unfilled PCP-g-XSBR compounds were determined by oscillating disc rheometer. The thermal analysis of PCP-g-XSBR vulcanizate exhibits slightly better thermal stability as well as plasticization effect. Morphological behaviors also display the less cracked and filled fracture surfaces with better filler dispersion in PCP-g-XSBR vulcanizate. The mechanical properties of the compounded PCP-g-XSBR vulcanizates also improve compare to XSBR vulcanizates.

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Epoxidised natural rubber as adhesion promoter in natural rubber based compounds

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Coffee Grounds as Renewable Filler in NBR Biocomposites

Coffee Grounds as Renewable Filler in NBR Biocomposites

Phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer‐grafted carboxylated styrene–butadiene rubber for better processing with enhancing silica filler dispersion

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