Epoxidized and Acrylated Epoxidized Camelina Oils for Ultraviolet‐Curable Wood Coatings

Abstract

Camelina oil contains nearly 90% unsaturated fatty acids and can be modified into functional monomers and polymers for value-added industrial applications. In this study, we synthesized epoxidized camelina oil (ECO) and acrylated epoxidized camelina oil (AECO) and evaluated their potential applications as ultraviolet (UV)-curable clear films and wood coatings. ECO and AECO were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance. Curing kinetics, thermal, mechanical, and coating properties of the polymers were investigated. The peak curing time of ECO was 0.51 min and that of AECO was only 0.09 min under UV intensity of 50 mW cm −2 . Polymerized AECO (pAECO) exhibited higher glass transition temperature, mechanical strength (storage modulus, Young's modulus, and tensile strength), crosslink density, and gloss value compared with polymerized ECO (pECO). Both pAECO and pECO coatings showed good pencil hardness (6H) and strong adhesion to wood substrates (5B, with 0% chipping off during crosscut tape adhesion test). Compared with corresponding soybean oil polymers, pAECO and pECO had better thermal and mechanical properties, respectively, attributed to their higher monomer functionalities. ECO and AECO are promising candidates for UV-curable coating applications, which adds value to camelina oilseed feedstock.

Valorization of camelina oil to biobased materials and biofuels for new industrial uses: a review

“…Of these, oleic acid (14-16%), linoleic acid (15-23%), a-linolenic acid (31-40%), and 11-eicosenoic acid (12-15%) are the main fatty acid components of camelina oil 23 The presence of high levels of a-linolenic acid, and comparatively low 11-eicosenoic acid amounts make camelina oil unique compared to other traditional oils (soybean, ax, sunower, and canola oil) Fig. 2 Valorization of camelina oil triglycerides into industrial products such as biofuel, 1,77,85,87 adhesives and coatings, 54,114,115 agrochemicals, 129 cosmetics, 130 alkyd resin, 120,121 biopolymers, and bio-composites [106][107][108][109] through various chemical means.…”

“…Hence, chemical modication of camelina oil into epoxidized and acrylated camelina oil derivatives adds value to the base oil feedstock making it a promising substitute for petroleum derived counterparts used for the development of UV curable coatings. 115 Kalita et al (2018), developed a range of camelina oil based poly(vinyl ether)s by varying the composition of the plant oil and the molecular weight of its components and compared these to similar molecules obtained from linseed oil and soybean oil. The developed poly(vinyl ether)s were crosslinked under suitable conditions through an autoxidation process to produce surface coatings on both steel substrates and as free standing lms.…”

Camelina sativaComposition, Attributes, and Applications: A Review

“…In most works, camelina oil was used. [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] However, some studies have also considered the camelina proteins. [93,94,97,98]…”

“…Li et al [94] also developed camelina oil-based polymers through UV polymerization. More specifically, they developed polymers from epoxidized camelina oil (PECO) and from acrylated epoxidized camelina oil (PAECO).…”

“…More specifically, they developed polymers from epoxidized camelina oil (PECO) and from acrylated epoxidized camelina oil (PAECO). Experimental protocols for the synthesis are described by Li et al [94] Polymers (PESO and PAESO) were also developed from soybean oil using the same protocols. Both PECO and PAECO polymers showed very good adhesion (5B) on wood substrates.…”