Epstein-Barr virus and HIV play no direct role in persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome

Boyle, M. J.; Sculley, T. B.; Cooper, David A.; Turner, Jennifer; Penny, Ronald; Sewell, W A

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb03002.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The A-type is associated with NPC in most regions, with the exception of Alaska where this cancer has been reported to be associated with the B type [10]. The B-type is preferentially associated with several B or T lymphomas [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polymorphism analysis of Epstein-Barr virus isolates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies from Tunisian patients

et al. 2007

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Many studies suggest that the focal distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) may be influenced not only by host genetics, diet and environments but also by interplay with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genetics. Specific EBV gene variants (the A and C types, the BamHI f configuration, a C terminal 30 bp deletion and a N terminal loss of an XhoI site in the BNLF1 gene) have been explored in high incidence areas in southern Asian NPC patients. In contrast, in Tunisia where NPC represents the most frequent type of Head and Neck cancer the distribution of these polymorphisms remains poorly investigated. In order to characterize the epidemiology of EBV variants in Tunisian NPC patients, we have investigated the A or B type of the EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)2 gene, the C or D type of the BamHI W1/I1 region, the F/f variants of the BamHI F region and the presence or the absence of the XhoI site, 30 bp deletion and Taq1 site in the BNLF1 gene in 47 NPC biopsies, 12 being younger than 30 and 35 older than 30. Our results show a unique genetic profile of the tumor EBV strains regarding the A and D types, the prototype F and retention of the XhoI restriction site in the N terminal region of BNLF1 gene. With regard to the C terminal region of this gene, four genetic profiles were detected: (1) the occurrence of the 30 bp deletion in association with the Taq1 site in 39 cases (83%), (2) the presence of the Taq1 site by itself in 5 cases, (3) the occurrence of the 30 bp deletion by itself in 2 cases and (4) the occurrence of a new deletion of 81 bp covering the 30 bp deletion in association with the Taq1 site in one case. With the exception of the 81 bp deletion, which has not been previously described in the literature, the summarized results have shown the same genetic profile in Tunisian NPC tumor isolates as tumor isolates from other North African and Mediterranean countries. Hence, the observed EBV polymorphisms are not fully specific of to the Tunisian NPCs. Nevertheless, the notion of a divergence between North African and Asian tumor EBV isolates is reinforced by this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polymorphism analysis of Epstein-Barr virus isolates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies from Tunisian patients

et al. 2007

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“…We determined that most Japanese isolates were type A; however, only TW19 and PB-H3 were type B. Although type A is overwhelmingly predominant throughout the world, except for Africa and New Guinea, a high prevalence of type B was found in lymphomas of immunocompromised hosts [39]. In Japan, type B is also minor and the incidence is estimated as 1-5% [40][41][42][43], although the type B was detected with a high frequency in patients with pyothorax-associated lymphoma [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of Epstein-Barr virus inferred from the conservation and mutation of the virus glycoprotein gp350/220 gene

et al. 2009

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To study variations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), we analyzed the gp350/220 gene for several cell lines and Japanese wild isolates using direct sequencing. The N-terminal region was highly conserved in all EBVs except for Jijoye/P3HR-1 and a few isolates. The variation of the region coincided with EBV types A and B (also referred to as types 1 and 2) and were, respectively, designated as the types a and b. The type A/a was detected in most Japanese cell lines and wild isolates, and was classified as China1 type with latent membrane protein (LMP) 1 gene. The type B/b was detected in only a few wild isolates with the Med and China2 types. The C-terminus had more diversity than the N-terminus and lacked the divergence between types A/a and B/b. The phylogenetic analyses of the gp350/220 and LMP1 genes may suggest a mode of EBV evolution into types A/a and B/b and then to LMP1 subtypes.

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“…The patients represent a subset of a larger series previously reported by this group [7]. All patient details were collated from medical records and discussions with the treating physicians.…”

Section: Patient Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although infection of B cells by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HIV is known to stimulate B cell activation and proliferation in vitro [6], such B cell infection is not a feature of PGL [7,8]. HIV proteins can directly stimulate B cells in vitro [9,10], but the B cell activation and associated hyperglobulinaemia often subside in late AIDS, despite an abundance of viral proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased expression of interferon-gamma in hyperplastic lymph nodes from HIV-infected patients

Boyle

Berger

Tschuchnigg

et al. 1993

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY Polyclonal B cell activation is characteristic of HIV infection and occurs in the presence of severe CD4+ lymphocyte depletion. In contrast, CD4+ lymphocytes are the dominant T cell in the reactive lymphoid tissues of patients not infected with HIV. In this study, lymph node biopsies from eight HIV‐infectcd patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome (PGL) were assessed for IL‐lβ, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and tumour necrosis factor‐beta (TNF‐β) gene expression using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cytokine gene expression of two cases of reactive adenopathy in patients not infected with HIV was assessed for comparison. IFN‐γ was expressed much more strongly in the PGL samples than in control reactive lymphoid tissues, whereas the other cytokines were expressed to a similar extent in both types of tissues. IFN‐γ may have an important role in maintaining the adenopalhy of HIV‐infected patients. Expression of cytokines such as IL‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐10 in HIV nodes may be adequate to allow the recruitment of naive B cells to the reactive process.

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Epstein-Barr virus and HIV play no direct role in persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Polymorphism analysis of Epstein-Barr virus isolates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies from Tunisian patients

Polymorphism analysis of Epstein-Barr virus isolates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies from Tunisian patients

The evolution of Epstein-Barr virus inferred from the conservation and mutation of the virus glycoprotein gp350/220 gene

Increased expression of interferon-gamma in hyperplastic lymph nodes from HIV-infected patients

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