Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoid hyperplasia of the eyelid characterized by intramuscular infiltration

Generalized myositis mimicking polymyositis associated with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

“…This pattern is different from CD8+ T cell dominance in polymyositis, CD4+ T cell dominance in dermatomyositis, and CD8+ T cell dominance in some cases of chronic virus myositis [1,2,28]. In the previous reports, the intramuscular infiltrating lymphocytes were CD4-, CD8-(double-negative) and EBV infected T cells in the patients with myositis and CAEBV [24,33]. This pattern is similar to that in our cases.…”

“…This pattern is similar to that in our cases. Even in the other previous reports, those were CD4+, CD8+ (double-positive) EBV infected T cells or CD56+ EBV infected NK cells [24,25,29,33]. These patterns are also different from the patterns of polymyositis and the other conventional myositis.…”

“…These patterns are also different from the patterns of polymyositis and the other conventional myositis. These double-negative or -positive T cells, or NK cells were increased and infected by EBV [24,25,29,33]. These findings suggest that proliferation of EBV-infected T cells with a specific CD4/CD8 expression must participate in the pathogenesis of CAEBV-related myositis, and the difference of phenotype of the intramuscular infiltrating lymphocytes may be helpful to distinguish CAEBV-related myositis from polymyositis and the other conventional myositis.…”

“…Polymyalgia rheumatica and fibromyalgia, as well as muscle spasm and fatigue, are reported in patients with CAEBV [6,7], but the relationship between these manifestations and CAEBV was unclear because no detailed histological study has been made.A 14-year-old girl who had exophthalmos and ocular muscle swelling was reported as having CAEBV [29]. Another report documented two cases of lymphoid hyperplasia of the eyelid characterized by intramuscular infiltration [24]. There is also a report of a 9-year-old boy who had bilateral exophthalmos two years after the diagnosis of CAEBV [25].…”

The latency pattern of Epstein–Barr virus infection and viral IL-10 expression in cutaneous natural killer/T-cell lymphomas

“…The diagnoses were confirmed by immunophenotyping of the infiltrating cells and the detection of EBV-DNA, EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) and a clonality of EBV-DNA fragment containing the terminal repeat as described below. The clinical manifestations of two patients (NK3 and T1) have been reported in detail elsewhere (Ohtsuka et al, 1999).…”